Bayat Mohamad, Shariati Mahsa, Rakhshan Vahid, Abbasi Mohsen, Fateh Ali, Sobouti Farhad, Davoudmanesh Zeinab
a Craniomaxillofacial Research Center, Shariati Hospital , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
b Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
Cranio. 2017 Sep;35(5):321-326. doi: 10.1080/08869634.2016.1239850. Epub 2016 Oct 8.
Previous studies on risk factors of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are highly controversial and mostly identifying a few cephalometric risk factors.
OSA diagnosis was made according to the patients' apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). Included were 74 OSA patients (AHI > 10) and 52 control subjects (AHI ≤ 10 + free of other OSA symptoms). In both groups, 18 cephalometric parameters were traced (SNA, SNB, ANB, the soft palate's length (PNS-P), inferior airway space, the distance from the mandibular plane to the hyoid (MP-H), lengths of mandible (Go-Gn) and maxilla (PNS-ANS), vertical height of airway (VAL), vertical height of the posterior maxilla (S-PNS), superior posterior airway space (SPAS), middle airway space, distances from hyoid to third cervical vertebra and retrognathion (HH1), C3 (C3H), and RGN (HRGN), the maximum thickness of soft palate (MPT), tongue length (TGL), and the maximum height of tongue). These parameters were compared using t-test.
Significant variables were SPAS (p = 0.027), MPT, TGL, HH1, C3H, HRGN, PNS-P, S-PNS, MP-H, VAL, and Go-Gn (all p values ≤ 0.006).
OSA patients exhibited thicker and longer soft palates, hyoid bones more distant from the vertebrae, retrognathion, and mandibular plane, higher posterior maxillae, longer mandibles, and smaller superior-posterior airways.
先前关于阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）危险因素的研究存在高度争议，且大多仅确定了一些头影测量学危险因素。
根据患者的呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）进行OSA诊断。纳入74例OSA患者（AHI>10）和52例对照受试者（AHI≤10且无其他OSA症状）。两组均测量了18项头影测量参数（SNA、SNB、ANB、软腭长度（PNS-P）、下气道间隙、下颌平面至舌骨的距离（MP-H）、下颌骨长度（Go-Gn）和上颌骨长度（PNS-ANS）、气道垂直高度（VAL）、上颌后部垂直高度（S-PNS）、上后气道间隙（SPAS）、中气道间隙、舌骨至第三颈椎和下颌后缩点的距离（HH1）、C3（C3H）和RGN（HRGN）、软腭最大厚度（MPT）、舌长度（TGL）以及舌的最大高度）。使用t检验对这些参数进行比较。
显著变量为SPAS（p = 0.027）、MPT、TGL、HH1、C3H、HRGN、PNS-P、S-PNS、MP-H、VAL和Go-Gn（所有p值≤0.006）。
OSA患者表现出软腭更厚更长、舌骨距椎骨更远、下颌后缩、下颌平面更高、下颌骨更长以及上后气道更小。
