Center for Biomedical Ethics and Society, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2017 May;153(5):1214-1217. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2016.09.015. Epub 2016 Sep 17.
Moral virtues are the complement to ethical principles. They constitute the elements of character that drive habits and daily routines. Certain virtues are especially important in surgery, shaping surgical practice even when no big decisions are at hand. Eight virtues are described and the work they do is explored: trustworthiness, equanimity, empathy, advocacy, compassion, courage, humility, and hope.
道德美德是伦理原则的补充。它们构成了驱动习惯和日常生活的品格要素。某些美德在外科手术中尤为重要，即使没有重大决策，它们也能影响外科实践。本文描述了其中的八项美德，并探讨了它们所发挥的作用：值得信赖、沉着冷静、同理心、倡导、同情、勇气、谦逊和希望。
