Briggs R C, Gossman M R, Birch R, Drews J E, Shaddeau S A
Carlisle Hospital, PA 17013.
Phys Ther. 1989 Sep;69(9):748-56. doi: 10.1093/ptj/69.9.748.
Descriptive data were collected regarding static standing balance of 71 noninstitutionalized elderly women as they performed two timed balance tests. All subjects performed the sharpened Romberg test and the one-legged stance test on each foot in four test conditions: 1) eyes open, 2) eyes closed, 3) shoes on, and 4) shoes off. Subjects were grouped and analyzed according to the following age ranges: 1) 60 to 64 years, 2) 65 to 69 years, 3) 70 to 74 years, 4) 75 to 79 years, and 5) 80 to 86 years. The best time of three trials was used for data analysis. The maximum balance time for the sharpened Romberg test was 60 seconds. For the one-legged stance test, a maximum balance time was 30 seconds. No significant difference was found between right and left or dominant and nondominant limbs while performing the one-legged stance test. No significant difference was found in mean balance time between subjects who had fallen versus those who had not fallen, nor between shoes-on and shoes-off test performance. Subjects' performance on the eyes-open test was consistently superior to their eyes-closed test performance (p less than .0001). The one-legged stance test mean balance time decreased significantly as age increased. More subjects reached the maximum balance time on the sharpened Romberg test than on the one-legged stance test. The results of this study indicate that additional research is needed in the area of balance maintenance among the elderly population.
收集了71名非机构养老的老年女性在进行两次定时平衡测试时的静态站立平衡描述性数据。所有受试者在以下四种测试条件下，对每只脚分别进行改良罗姆伯格试验和单腿站立试验：1）睁眼；2）闭眼；3）穿鞋；4）脱鞋。受试者根据以下年龄范围分组并进行分析：1）60至64岁；2）65至69岁；3）70至74岁；4）75至79岁；5）80至86岁。数据分析采用三次试验中的最佳时间。改良罗姆伯格试验的最大平衡时间为60秒。单腿站立试验的最大平衡时间为30秒。在进行单腿站立试验时，左右腿或优势腿与非优势腿之间未发现显著差异。跌倒者与未跌倒者之间的平均平衡时间，以及穿鞋和脱鞋测试表现之间均未发现显著差异。受试者在睁眼测试中的表现始终优于闭眼测试表现（p小于0.0001）。随着年龄的增长，单腿站立试验的平均平衡时间显著下降。在改良罗姆伯格试验中达到最大平衡时间的受试者比在单腿站立试验中的更多。本研究结果表明，老年人群平衡维持领域需要更多研究。
