Skeletal Surgery for Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Multilevel surgery has been established as the mainstay of treatment for the surgical management of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Combined with uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, tongue-base surgeries, including the genioglossus advancement (GA), sliding genioplasty, and hyoid myotomy and suspension, have been developed to target hypopharyngeal obstruction. Total airway surgery consisting of maxillomandibular advancement (MMA) with/without GA has shown significant success. Skeletal procedures for OSA with or without a palatal procedure is a proven technique for relieving airway obstruction during sleep. A case study demonstrating the utility of virtual surgical planning for MMA surgery is presented.