Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2017 Apr;43:1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2016.09.014. Epub 2016 Oct 6.
Stability of neural circuits is reliant on homeostatic mechanisms that return neuron activity towards pre-determined and physiologically appropriate levels. Without these mechanisms, changes due to synaptic plasticity, ageing and disease may push neural circuits towards instability. Whilst widely documented, understanding of how and when neurons determine an appropriate activity level, the so-called set-point, remains unknown. Genetically tractable model systems have greatly contributed to our understanding of neuronal homeostasis and continue to offer attractive models to explore these additional questions. This review focuses on the development of Drosophila motoneurons including defining an embryonic critical period during which these neurons encode their set-points to enable homeostatic regulation of activity.
神经元回路的稳定性依赖于能够将神经元活动恢复到预定和生理适宜水平的自身稳定机制。如果没有这些机制，突触可塑性、衰老和疾病引起的变化可能会使神经元回路变得不稳定。尽管已经广泛记录，但对于神经元如何以及何时确定适当的活动水平（所谓的设定点）仍然未知。遗传上可操作的模型系统极大地促进了我们对神经元自身稳定的理解，并继续为探索这些附加问题提供有吸引力的模型。本综述重点介绍了果蝇运动神经元的发育，包括确定一个胚胎关键期，在此期间这些神经元编码其设定点，以实现活动的自身稳定调节。
