Effect of pancreatic enzyme supplementation on postprandial plasma cholecystokinin secretion in patients with pancreatic insufficiency.

To test the hypothesis, based on studies in healthy man and dog, that patients with impaired digestion due to severe pancreatic insufficiency have impaired postprandial cholecystokinin (CCK) secretion that can be improved by the addition of pancreatic enzymes, we have studied plasma CCK responses to a test meal with and without addition of pancreatic enzymes in 10 patients with pancreatic insufficiency and steatorrhea, in 8 patients with chronic pancreatitis without steatorrhea, and in 6 healthy subjects. The patients with steatorrhea had a significantly (P less than 0.001) lower integrated plasma CCK response to the meal (177 +/- 23 pM.150 min) than the healthy subjects (468 +/- 41 pM.150 min), while patients with chronic pancreatitis without steatorrhea had an intermediate integrated postprandial CCK secretion (327 +/- 101 pM.150 min). Addition of pancreatic enzymes to the meal significantly augmented the integrated CCK response in both the patients with steatorrhea to 483 +/- 72 pM.150 min (P less than 0.01) and in those without steatorrhea to 480 +/- 85 pM.150 min (P less than 0.05). These values were not significantly different from those in the healthy subjects (521 +/- 86 pM.150 min). Integrated CCK secretion in the three groups during bombesin infusion was similar (patients with steatorrhea 134 +/- 23 pM.20 min, patients without steatorrhea 131 +/- 33 pM.20 min, and healthy subjects 146 +/- 28 pM.20 min), indicating a normal capacity to secrete CCK in response to a humoral stimulus. These data are in agreement with the suggestions from previous studies that digestion of nutrients by pancreatic enzymes plays an important role in the regulation of plasma CCK secretion after feeding.