Vinkel Julie, Bak Peter, Hyldegaard Ole
Hyperbaric Medicine Centre, Department of Anesthesiology and Surgery, Head and Orthopedic Centre, Rigshospitalet 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Hyperbaric Medicine Centre, Department of Anesthesiology and Surgery, Head and Orthopedic Centre, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Diving Hyperb Med. 2016 Sep;46(3):142-149.
The purpose was to explore causative tendencies among diving fatalities to prevent similar injuries in the future.
We report 33 fatal diving injuries that occurred among Danish divers during the period 1999-2012 in Scandinavian waters. The study was performed as a retrospective overview. The empiric data consists of police reports, forensic autopsy reports and examination of the diving equipment. Data were assembled and analyzed using Pivot and Excel. Frequencies and means (± SD) were used to describe categorical and continuous variables respectively.
The mean age was 38.9 years and drowning was considered the cause of death in 24 of 28 divers for whom a diagnosis was possible. Elevated body mass index (18 of 22 divers had a BMI 〉 25) was overrepresented in our group compared to the background population. A drysuit was worn by 17 divers. Diving independently of a dive centre and mishandling of buoyancy aids were common risk factors. Only two divers released their weights. Three-quarters of those who did not would have increased their chance of survival by doing so; nevertheless, in a quarter of cases the weights were not readily releasable or not releasable at all.
Unfamiliarity with drysuit diving, lack of a diving buddy and mismanagement of weights were important contributors to diving injuries.
旨在探究潜水死亡事故中的致因倾向，以预防未来发生类似伤害。
我们报告了1999年至2012年期间在斯堪的纳维亚海域丹麦潜水员中发生的33起致命潜水事故。该研究以回顾性综述的形式进行。实证数据包括警方报告、法医尸检报告以及对潜水设备的检查。使用数据透视表和Excel对数据进行汇总和分析。频率和均值（±标准差）分别用于描述分类变量和连续变量。
平均年龄为38.9岁，在28名可能做出诊断的潜水员中，有24人被认为死于溺水。与总体人群相比，我们研究组中体重指数升高的情况（22名潜水员中有18人体重指数＞25）更为突出。17名潜水员穿着干式潜水服。独立于潜水中心潜水和对浮力辅助设备操作不当是常见的风险因素。只有两名潜水员丢弃了配重。四分之三未丢弃配重的潜水员若这样做本可增加生存几率；然而，在四分之一的案例中，配重不易丢弃或根本无法丢弃。
对干式潜水服潜水不熟悉、缺乏潜水伙伴以及配重管理不当是导致潜水事故的重要因素。
