Beeber Linda S, Meltzer-Brody Samantha, Martinez Maria, Matsuda Yui, Wheeler Anne C, Mandel Marcia, LaForett Dore, Waldrop Julee
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Nursing, CB 7460, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7460, USA.
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
Matern Child Health J. 2017 Apr;21(4):883-892. doi: 10.1007/s10995-016-2189-4.
Objective A higher rate of depressive symptoms is found among mothers of children with disabilities compared to other parents. However, there is a lack of study of mothers with children <3 years of age participating in Early Intervention (EI) programs. This study aims to more fully describe the extent of mood disorders in these mothers including estimated prevalence, severity and factors associated with maternal mental health, using gold standard clinical diagnostic and symptom measures, and test models associating depressive symptoms with contextual factors and child behavior. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with 106 women who had at least one child enrolled in EI. Mothers were interviewed and completed reliable, valid measures to evaluate mental health, health status, family conflict, parent-child interaction, self-efficacy, social support, child behavioral problems, hardship, endangerment, and child disability. Descriptive statistics and multivariate analyses were performed. Results We found 8 % of participants met all criteria for a Major Depressive Episode (MDE) with 44 % of the sample reporting a past episode and 43 % endorsing recurrent episodes. Using the CES-D to assess depressive symptom severity approximately 34 % of mothers screened in a clinically significant range. Using linear regression to predict severity of current depressive symptoms demonstrated that current depression severity was primarily predicted by poorer maternal health status, lower self-efficacy and past MDE (p < 0.05). Conclusions for practice A brief assessment of maternal mood, health and self-efficacy are important factors to assess when evaluating how to support mothers of children in EI.
与其他父母相比，残疾儿童的母亲中抑郁症状发生率更高。然而，对于参与早期干预（EI）项目的3岁以下儿童的母亲，缺乏相关研究。本研究旨在更全面地描述这些母亲的情绪障碍程度，包括估计患病率、严重程度以及与母亲心理健康相关的因素，采用金标准临床诊断和症状测量方法，并测试将抑郁症状与背景因素和儿童行为相关联的模型。方法：对106名至少有一个孩子参加EI项目的女性进行了横断面研究。对母亲进行访谈，并完成可靠、有效的测量，以评估心理健康、健康状况、家庭冲突、亲子互动、自我效能感、社会支持、儿童行为问题、困难、危险和儿童残疾情况。进行了描述性统计和多变量分析。结果：我们发现8%的参与者符合重度抑郁发作（MDE）的所有标准，44%的样本报告有过去的发作，43%的人认可有反复发。使用流调中心抑郁量表（CES-D）评估抑郁症状严重程度，约34%的母亲筛查结果处于临床显著范围内。使用线性回归预测当前抑郁症状的严重程度表明，当前抑郁严重程度主要由较差的母亲健康状况、较低的自我效能感和过去的MDE预测（p<0.05）。实践结论：在评估如何支持参加EI项目儿童的母亲时，对母亲情绪、健康和自我效能感进行简短评估是重要的评估因素。
