Sakr L, Bibus B, Dutz W, Feigl W, Hackl H, Hanak H, Holzner J H, Kofler K, Machacek E, Pollak S
Pathologisches Institut, Allgemeinen Poliklinik, Wien.
Wien Klin Wochenschr. 1989 Aug 4;101(15):511-4.
In 1983 34% of all persons who died in the Republic of Austria were autopsied. We examined the frequency of postmortem examinations in the capital city, Vienna, between 1983 and 1987 in view of this high overall autopsy rate. The annual autopsy rate in all 9 pathology institutes and the department of legal medicine of the University of Vienna was on average 51 to 53%. There was a slight statistically verifiable decline in 1987. The reason for this high necropsy rate is that Austrian law permits the autopsies without the consent of next of kin if it appears indicated for medical, scientific or educational reasons; further more the fact, that the chairman of the department is at the same time the coroner for the hospital. A high autopsy rate is necessary to maintain a high standard of diagnostic accuracy even in modern medicine. The diagnoses were inaccurate or incomplete in 15% of all cases. The high autopsy rate is the basis for extremely accurate mortality and morbidity statistics and provides the basis for long range public health planning. Medical students develop an insight in disease patterns, which cannot be gained in any other way. The pathology departments of Vienna introduce a new city-wide computer-supported diagnostic file system, which will provide a baseline for comparative scientific studies.
1983年，奥地利共和国所有死亡人员中有34%接受了尸检。鉴于总体尸检率较高，我们研究了1983年至1987年期间首都维也纳的尸检频率。维也纳大学9个病理研究所和法医学系的年尸检率平均为51%至53%。1987年有轻微的、统计学上可证实的下降。尸检率高的原因是，奥地利法律规定，如果出于医学、科学或教育原因有必要，在未经近亲同意的情况下也可进行尸检；此外，该系主任同时也是医院的验尸官。即使在现代医学中，高尸检率对于维持高诊断准确性标准也是必要的。所有病例中有15%的诊断不准确或不完整。高尸检率是极其准确的死亡率和发病率统计的基础，并为长期公共卫生规划提供依据。医学生能深入了解疾病模式，这是通过其他任何方式都无法获得的。维也纳的病理科引入了一种新的全市范围的计算机辅助诊断档案系统，这将为比较科学研究提供一个基线。
