Schiavon S, Yang B, Donner Y, Chang V W-C, Nazaroff W W
Center for the Built Environment, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Department of Applied Physics and Electronics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Indoor Air. 2017 May;27(3):690-702. doi: 10.1111/ina.12352. Epub 2016 Nov 12.
In a warm and humid climate, increasing the temperature set point offers considerable energy benefits with low first costs. Elevated air movement generated by a personally controlled fan can compensate for the negative effects caused by an increased temperature set point. Fifty-six tropically acclimatized persons in common Singaporean office attire (0.7 clo) were exposed for 90 minutes to each of five conditions: 23, 26, and 29°C and in the latter two cases with and without occupant-controlled air movement. Relative humidity was maintained at 60%. We tested thermal comfort, perceived air quality, sick building syndrome symptoms, and cognitive performance. We found that thermal comfort, perceived air quality, and sick building syndrome symptoms are equal or better at 26°C and 29°C than at the common set point of 23°C if a personally controlled fan is available for use. The best cognitive performance (as indicated by task speed) was obtained at 26°C; at 29°C, the availability of an occupant-controlled fan partially mitigated the negative effect of the elevated temperature. The typical Singaporean indoor air temperature set point of 23°C yielded the lowest cognitive performance. An elevated set point in air-conditioned buildings augmented with personally controlled fans might yield benefits for reduced energy use and improved indoor environmental quality in tropical climates.
在温暖潮湿的气候条件下，提高温度设定点能带来可观的能源效益，且初始成本较低。个人控制的风扇产生的增强空气流动可以弥补温度设定点升高所带来的负面影响。56名身着新加坡普通办公着装（0.7克罗）且已适应热带气候的人员，在五种条件下分别暴露90分钟：23℃、26℃和29℃，在后两种情况下，一种有人员控制的空气流动，另一种没有。相对湿度保持在60%。我们测试了热舒适度、感知空气质量、病态建筑综合症症状和认知表现。我们发现，如果有个人控制的风扇可供使用，在26℃和29℃时的热舒适度、感知空气质量和病态建筑综合症症状与常见的23℃设定点时相当或更好。在26℃时获得了最佳认知表现（以任务速度衡量）；在29℃时，人员控制风扇的存在部分减轻了温度升高的负面影响。新加坡典型的23℃室内空气温度设定点产生了最低的认知表现。在配备个人控制风扇的空调建筑中提高温度设定点，可能会在热带气候中带来减少能源使用和改善室内环境质量方面的益处。
