Wamsley Erin J, Hamilton Kelly, Graveline Yvette, Manceor Stephanie, Parr Elaine
Furman University, Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, Greenville, South Carolina, United States of America.
Current Address: University of British Columbia, Department of Psychology, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
PLoS One. 2016 Oct 19;11(10):e0165141. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165141. eCollection 2016.
Memory consolidation benefits from post-training sleep. However, recent studies suggest that sleep does not uniformly benefit all memory, but instead prioritizes information that is important to the individual. Here, we examined the effect of test expectation on memory consolidation across sleep and wakefulness. Following reports that information with strong "future relevance" is preferentially consolidated during sleep, we hypothesized that test expectation would enhance memory consolidation across a period of sleep, but not across wakefulness. To the contrary, we found that expectation of a future test enhanced memory for both spatial and motor learning, but that this effect was equivalent across both wake and sleep retention intervals. These observations differ from those of least two prior studies, and fail to support the hypothesis that the "future relevance" of learned material moderates its consolidation selectively during sleep.
记忆巩固得益于训练后的睡眠。然而，最近的研究表明，睡眠并非对所有记忆都有同等程度的助益，而是会优先处理对个体而言重要的信息。在此，我们研究了测试预期对睡眠和清醒状态下记忆巩固的影响。此前有报道称，具有强烈“未来相关性”的信息在睡眠期间会被优先巩固，基于此我们推测，测试预期会增强睡眠期间的记忆巩固，但不会增强清醒期间的记忆巩固。然而，我们发现，对未来测试的预期增强了空间学习和运动学习的记忆，而且这种效应在清醒和睡眠的保持间隔中是相同的。这些观察结果与至少两项先前研究的结果不同，并且未能支持所学材料的“未来相关性”在睡眠期间选择性地调节其巩固的假设。
