Borgmann H, Rodríguez Socarrás M, Salem J, Tsaur I, Gomez Rivas J, Barret E, Tortolero L
Department of Urology, University Hospital Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
Department of Urology, Alvaro Cunqueiro University Hospital, Vigo, Spain.
World J Urol. 2017 Jun;35(6):967-972. doi: 10.1007/s00345-016-1956-6. Epub 2016 Oct 19.
PURPOSE: To assess the feasibility, safety and usefulness of augmented reality-assisted urological surgery using smartglass (SG). METHODS: Seven urological surgeons (3 board urologists and 4 urology residents) performed augmented reality-assisted urological surgery using SG for 10 different types of operations and a total of 31 urological operations. Feasibility was assessed using technical metadata (number of photographs taken/number of videos recorded/video time recorded) and structured interviews with the urologists on their use of SG. Safety was evaluated by recording complications and grading according to the Clavien-Dindo classification. Usefulness of SG for urological surgery was queried in structured interviews and in a survey. RESULTS: The implementation of SG use during urological surgery was feasible with no intrinsic (technical defect) or extrinsic (inability to control the SG function) obstacles being observed. SG use was safe as no grade 3-5 complications occurred for the series of 31 urological surgeries of different complexities. Technical applications of SG included taking photographs/recording videos for teaching and documentation, hands-free teleconsultation, reviewing patients' medical records and images and searching the internet for health information. Overall usefulness of SG for urological surgery was rated as very high by 43 % and high by 29 % of surgeons. CONCLUSIONS: Augmented reality-assisted urological surgery using SG is both feasible and safe and also provides several useful functions for urological surgeons. Further developments and investigations are required in the near future to harvest the great potential of this exciting technology for urological surgery.
目的:评估使用智能眼镜(SG)进行增强现实辅助泌尿外科手术的可行性、安全性和实用性。 方法:七名泌尿外科医生(3名泌尿外科专科医生和4名泌尿外科住院医师)使用SG进行了增强现实辅助泌尿外科手术,涉及10种不同类型的手术,共31例泌尿外科手术。通过技术元数据(拍摄照片数量/录制视频数量/录制视频时长)以及对泌尿外科医生使用SG情况的结构化访谈来评估可行性。通过记录并发症并根据Clavien-Dindo分类法进行分级来评估安全性。在结构化访谈和一项调查中询问SG在泌尿外科手术中的实用性。 结果:在泌尿外科手术中使用SG是可行的,未观察到内在(技术缺陷)或外在(无法控制SG功能)障碍。由于在这一系列31例不同复杂程度的泌尿外科手术中未发生3 - 5级并发症,所以使用SG是安全的。SG的技术应用包括拍摄照片/录制视频用于教学和记录、免提远程会诊、查看患者病历和图像以及在互联网上搜索健康信息。43%的外科医生将SG在泌尿外科手术中的总体实用性评为非常高,29%的外科医生评为高。 结论:使用SG进行增强现实辅助泌尿外科手术既可行又安全,并且为泌尿外科医生提供了多种有用功能。在不久的将来需要进一步发展和研究,以挖掘这项令人兴奋的技术在泌尿外科手术中的巨大潜力。
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