Martínez-Alcántara Belén, Martínez-Cuenca Mary-Rus, Bermejo Almudena, Legaz Francisco, Quiñones Ana
Department of Citriculture and Vegetal Production, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Moncada, Valencia, Spain.
PLoS One. 2016 Oct 20;11(10):e0161619. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161619. eCollection 2016.
The main objective of this study was to compare the performance of two liquid organic fertilizers, an animal and a plant-based fertilizer, with mineral fertilization on citrus trees. The source of the fertilizer (mineral or organic) had significant effect in the nutritional status of the organic and conventionally managed mandarins. Nutrient uptake, vegetative growth, carbohydrate synthesis and soil characteristics were analyzed. Results showed that plants fertilized with animal based liquid fertilizers exhibited higher total biomass with a more profuse development of new developing organs (leaves and fibrous roots). Liquid organic fertilization resulted in an increased uptake of macro and micronutrients compared to mineral fertilized trees. Moreover, organic fertilization positively affected the carbohydrate content (fructose, glucose and sucrose) mainly in summer flush leaves. Liquid organic fertilization also resulted in an increase of soil organic matter content. Animal-based fertilizer, due to intrinsic composition, increased total tree biomass and carbohydrate leaves content, and led to lower soil nitrate concentration and higher P and Mg exchangeable in soil extract compared to vegetal-based fertilizer. Therefore, liquid organic fertilizers could be used as an alternative to traditional mineral fertilization in drip irrigated citrus trees.
本研究的主要目的是比较两种液体有机肥料（一种是动物源肥料，另一种是植物源肥料）与矿物肥料对柑橘树的施用效果。肥料来源（矿物或有机）对有机管理和传统管理的柑橘的营养状况有显著影响。分析了养分吸收、营养生长、碳水化合物合成和土壤特性。结果表明，施用动物源液体肥料的植株总生物量更高，新发育器官（叶片和须根）发育更旺盛。与施用矿物肥料的树木相比，液体有机肥料使大量元素和微量元素的吸收增加。此外，有机施肥主要对夏季新梢叶片中的碳水化合物含量（果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖）有积极影响。液体有机施肥还导致土壤有机质含量增加。与植物源肥料相比，动物源肥料由于其内在成分，增加了树木总生物量和叶片碳水化合物含量，并降低了土壤硝酸盐浓度，提高了土壤提取物中可交换的磷和镁含量。因此，液体有机肥料可作为滴灌柑橘树传统矿物施肥的替代品。
