Clamor Annika, Koenig Julian, Thayer Julian F, Lincoln Tania M
University of Hamburg, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Von-Melle-Park 5, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
University of Heidelberg, Section for Translational Psychobiology in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Centre for Psychosocial Medicine, Building 25, 2nd Floor, Thibautstraße 6, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany; The Ohio State University, Department of Psychology, 133 Psychology Building, 1835 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Behav Res Ther. 2016 Dec;87:207-215. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2016.10.003. Epub 2016 Oct 11.
Arousal and the way it is coped with are relevant to the emergence of psychotic symptoms. Heart rate variability (HRV) stems from autonomic responses to environmental demands such as stress and is an index of physiological arousal, adaptability, and homeostatic reflexes forming autonomic balance. A randomized-controlled between-subjects trial that compared HRV-biofeedback (BF) to an active relaxation and to a waiting control condition was conducted in a sample with attenuated subclinical psychotic symptoms (N = 84). A 20-min intervention was preceded and followed by repeated assessments of stress responses. Change scores of the post-stress periods were analyzed using ANOVAs for HRV, subjective stress, perceived control, and state paranoia. As expected, BF participants showed greater improvements in perceived control than waiting controls (p = 0.006). However, no group differences occurred in HRV, paranoid symptoms or subjective stress. In exploratory analyses in a subset of participants who were breathing per protocol, the expected effects were found for total HRV and state paranoia. Thus, this trial of HRV-BF for people with attenuated psychotic symptoms indicates that the intervention may hold potential if conducted per protocol. To reach this, longer training might be inevitable. Future studies are needed to further elucidate efficacy and applicability of HRV-BF in clinical samples.
觉醒及其应对方式与精神病症状的出现相关。心率变异性（HRV）源于对压力等环境需求的自主反应，是生理觉醒、适应性以及形成自主平衡的稳态反射的指标。在一个有亚临床精神病症状减弱的样本（N = 84）中进行了一项随机对照的组间试验，将HRV生物反馈（BF）与主动放松和等待对照条件进行比较。在20分钟的干预前后，对压力反应进行了重复评估。使用方差分析对HRV、主观压力、感知控制和状态偏执的应激后时期变化分数进行分析。正如预期的那样，BF参与者在感知控制方面的改善比等待对照组更大（p = 0.006）。然而，在HRV、偏执症状或主观压力方面没有发现组间差异。在按照方案呼吸的参与者子集中进行的探索性分析中，发现了总HRV和状态偏执的预期效果。因此，这项针对有精神病症状减弱的人的HRV - BF试验表明，如果按照方案进行干预可能具有潜力。要做到这一点，可能需要更长时间的训练。未来需要进一步阐明HRV - BF在临床样本中的疗效和适用性的研究。
