Meng Xiaxia, Li Dengwu, Zhou Dan, Wang Dongmei, Liu Qiaoxiao, Fan Sufang
College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2016 Dec 24;194:698-705. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.10.050. Epub 2016 Oct 18.
Juniperus rigida is used as Tibetan and Mongolian medicine in China for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, nephritis, brucellosis and other various inflammatory diseases.
To evaluate antibacterial potential of essential oils from J. rigida leaves against Klebsiella pneumoniae and to examine its possible related mechanisms. The study was undertaken in order to scientifically validate the traditional use of J. rigida.
The essential oil was extracted from the leaves of J. rigida by supercritical CO fluid extraction technology. Chemical composition of essential oils was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antibacterial activity was evaluated against 10 bacteria by the paper disc diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of the essential oil were estimated by agar dilution method. The antibacterial mechanism was evaluated by growth curve, the integrity of cell membrane, the SDS-PAGE of protein patterns and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
61 components were identified from the essential oil. Caryophyllene (13.11%) and α-Caryophyllene (11.72%) were found to be the major components. The antibacterial activities of the essential oil were screened and compared against 10 bacteria. The essential oil showed good antibacterial activity against K. pneumoniae, with the biggest diameters of inhibition zones (DIZ) (16.00±0.25mm) and the lowest MIC and MBC values of 3.125mg/mL. The increase in proteins, 260nm absorbing materials of bacterial cells suspension indicated that the cytoplasmic membranes were broken by the essential oil. The SDS-PAGE of bacterial proteins demonstrated that the essential oil could damage bacterial cells through the destruction of cellular proteins. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the essential oil damaged the morphology of cell wall and membrane.
The essential oil of J. rigida has potential antibacterial activities against K. pneumoniae. The antibacterial mechanism is the essential oil causing the irreversible damage to the cell wall and membrane, leading to the leakage of proteins and 260nm absorbing materials (DNA and RNA). Further phytochemical and pharmacological studies are required for proper scientific validation of the folk use of this plant species.
在中国，杜松被用作藏药和蒙药，用于治疗类风湿性关节炎、肾炎、布鲁氏菌病和其他各种炎症性疾病。
评估杜松叶精油对肺炎克雷伯菌的抗菌潜力，并研究其可能的相关机制。进行该研究是为了科学验证杜松的传统用途。
采用超临界CO₂流体萃取技术从杜松叶中提取精油。通过气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）分析精油的化学成分。采用纸片扩散法对10种细菌进行抗菌活性评估。采用琼脂稀释法测定精油的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）和最低杀菌浓度（MBC）值。通过生长曲线、细胞膜完整性、蛋白质SDS-PAGE图谱和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）评估抗菌机制。
从精油中鉴定出61种成分。发现石竹烯（13.11%）和α-石竹烯（11.72%）为主要成分。筛选并比较了精油对10种细菌的抗菌活性。该精油对肺炎克雷伯菌表现出良好的抗菌活性，抑菌圈直径最大（DIZ）为（16.00±0.25mm），最低MIC和MBC值为3.125mg/mL。细菌细胞悬液中蛋白质、260nm吸收物质的增加表明细胞质膜被精油破坏。细菌蛋白质的SDS-PAGE表明精油可通过破坏细胞蛋白质来损伤细菌细胞。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）显示精油破坏了细胞壁和细胞膜的形态。
杜松精油对肺炎克雷伯菌具有潜在的抗菌活性。抗菌机制是精油对细胞壁和细胞膜造成不可逆损伤，导致蛋白质和260nm吸收物质（DNA和RNA）泄漏。需要进一步进行植物化学和药理学研究，以对该植物物种的民间用途进行适当的科学验证。
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