Morphometric distinction of low- and high-grade dysplasias in gastric biopsies.

Substantial agreement has previously been demonstrated between qualitative and morphometric grading of gastric dysplasia. In the present study, a further attempt is made to quantitatively define the dysplastic changes in relation to associated benign or malignant changes of gastric mucosa. In total, 232 cases were studied and were associated with benign peptic ulcer (89 cases), histologically proven gastric cancer (88 cases), and gastritis-associated mild, moderate, and severe dysplasias (55 cases). The analysis showed that one discriminant function consisting of seven morphometric features is sufficient to separate the regenerative and cancer-associated cases. The classification results obtained on the basis of this discriminant function in both training and testing sets are encouragingly similar, indicating that the classification is reliable. This was further confirmed by the results of the application of this rule in the mild, moderate, and severe dysplasia biopsies (the above-mentioned gastritis-associated cases) used in a previous study. The quantitative analysis permits two grades, instead of three, to be distinguished: low-grade and high-grade dysplasia.