From the *HCMC Parkside Occupational and Contact Dermatitis Clinic and Department of Dermatology, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Center; †Department of Dermatology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis; ‡Division of Dermatology, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; §Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco; ∥Division of Dermatology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; ¶Department of Dermatology, Columbia University, New York, NY; #University of Louisville, KY; **Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH; ††Department of Dermatology, Cleveland Clinic; ‡‡Department of Dermatology, University of Cincinnati, OH; §§Associates in Dermatology, Fort Myers, FL; ∥∥University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles; ¶¶Department of Dermatology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park; ##Division of Dermatology, University of Ottawa, Canada; ***Ohio State University, Columbus; and †††Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health Science University, Portland.
Dermatitis. 2017 Jan/Feb;28(1):47-57. doi: 10.1097/DER.0000000000000231.
Contact dermatoses are common in mechanic and repair occupations.
This study aimed to (1) estimate the prevalence of occupationally related contact dermatitis among mechanics/repairers patch tested from 1998 to 2014 by the North American Contact Dermatitis Group, (2) characterize responsible allergens and irritants, and their sources, and (3) compare results among 3 occupational subgroups (mechanics, electrical/electronic, and other).
A cross-sectional analysis of patients patch tested by the North American Contact Dermatitis Group between 1998 and 2014.
Of 38,784 patients patch tested, 691 (1.8%) were mechanics/repairers. Male sex (93.5%) and hand involvement (59.5%) were common overall. Occupationally related skin disease was more prevalent among vehicle and mobile equipment mechanics/repairers (52.7%) and other mechanics/repairers (41.4%) than electrical/electronic equipment mechanics/repairers (21.3%). Overall, carba mix, thiuram mix, and methylchloroisothiazolone/methylisothiazolone were the most common occupation-related clinically relevant allergens. Gloves, automotive vehicles, solvents, oils, lubricants, and fuels were the most common sources of responsible allergens.
Common occupationally related allergens included rubber accelerators and the preservative methylchloroisothiazolone/methylisothiazolone.
接触性皮炎在机械和维修行业中很常见。
本研究旨在：(1) 估计 1998 年至 2014 年间北美接触性皮炎组检测的机械师/修理工职业性接触性皮炎的患病率；(2) 描述相关的过敏原和刺激物及其来源；(3) 比较三个职业亚组(机械师、电气/电子和其他)的结果。
对 1998 年至 2014 年间接受北美接触性皮炎组斑贴试验的患者进行横断面分析。
在 38784 名接受斑贴试验的患者中，有 691 名(1.8%)为机械师/修理工。总体而言，男性(93.5%)和手部受累(59.5%)较为常见。与电气/电子设备机械师/修理工(21.3%)相比，车辆和移动设备机械师/修理工(52.7%)和其他机械师/修理工(41.4%)职业相关皮肤病更为常见。总体而言，卡巴混合物、硫代氨基甲酸盐混合物和甲基氯异噻唑啉酮/甲基异噻唑啉酮是最常见的职业相关临床相关过敏原。手套、汽车、溶剂、油、润滑剂和燃料是最常见的过敏原来源。
常见的职业相关过敏原包括橡胶促进剂和防腐剂甲基氯异噻唑啉酮/甲基异噻唑啉酮。
