Yin Junmei, Kong Alice P S, Chan Juliana C N
Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Asia Diabetes Foundation, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong.
Curr Diab Rep. 2016 Dec;16(12):130. doi: 10.1007/s11892-016-0821-8.
According to a 2010 national survey, 11 % of adults in China have diabetes, affecting 109.6 million individuals. The high prevalence of diabetes has been attributed to the aging of the population, the rapid adoption of energy-dense foods, and a reduction in physical activity. Collectively, these secular changes have created an obesogenic environment that can unmask diabetes in subjects with a genetic predisposition. The growing prevalence of maternal obesity, gestational diabetes, childhood obesity, and early-onset disease can lead to premature morbidity and mortality. Rising to meet these public health challenges, researchers in China have conducted randomized studies to demonstrate the benefits of lifestyle modification in preventing diabetes (the Da Qing Study), as well as that of team-based integrated care, using multiple strategies including peer support and information technology, in order to reduce hospitalizations, cardiovascular-renal complications, and premature deaths. With growing evidence supporting the benefits of these diabetes prevention and management programs, the next challenge is to use policies and systems to scale up the implementation of these programs through raising awareness, building capacity, and providing resources to reduce the human and socioeconomic burden of diabetes.
根据2010年的一项全国性调查，中国11%的成年人患有糖尿病，患者人数达1.096亿。糖尿病的高患病率归因于人口老龄化、高能量食品的迅速普及以及身体活动的减少。总体而言，这些长期变化营造了一个致肥胖环境，可能会使有遗传易感性的个体患上糖尿病。孕产妇肥胖、妊娠期糖尿病、儿童肥胖和早发疾病的患病率不断上升，可导致过早发病和死亡。为应对这些公共卫生挑战，中国的研究人员开展了随机研究，以证明生活方式改变在预防糖尿病方面的益处（大庆研究），以及基于团队的综合护理的益处，这种护理采用包括同伴支持和信息技术在内的多种策略，以减少住院率、心血管-肾脏并发症和过早死亡。随着越来越多的证据支持这些糖尿病预防和管理项目的益处，下一个挑战是通过提高认识、建设能力和提供资源，利用政策和系统扩大这些项目的实施，以减轻糖尿病带来的人力和社会经济负担。
