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钯催化、银介导的 C-H 活化的芳基 C-H 键位点选择性直接烯丙基化反应:合成与机理研究。

Palladium-Catalyzed, Site-Selective Direct Allylation of Aryl C-H Bonds by Silver-Mediated C-H Activation: A Synthetic and Mechanistic Investigation.

机构信息

Department of Chemistry, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720, United States.

出版信息

J Am Chem Soc. 2016 Nov 23;138(46):15278-15284. doi: 10.1021/jacs.6b10220. Epub 2016 Nov 14.

Abstract

We describe a method for the site-selective construction of a C(aryl)-C(sp) bond by the palladium-catalyzed direct allylation of arenes with allylic pivalates in the presence of AgOPiv to afford the linear (E)-allylated arene with excellent regioselectivity; this reaction occurs with arenes that have not undergone site-selective and stereoselective direct allylation previously, such as monofluorobenzenes and non-fluorinated arenes. Mechanistic studies indicate that AgOPiv ligated by a phosphine reacts with the arene to form an arylsilver(I) species, presumably through a concerted metalation-deprotonation pathway. The activated aryl moiety is then transferred to an allylpalladium(II) intermediate formed by oxidative addition of the allylic pivalate to the Pd(0) complex. Subsequent reductive elimination furnishes the allyl-aryl coupled product. The aforementioned proposed intermediates, including an arylsilver complex, have been isolated, structurally characterized, and determined to be chemically and kinetically competent to undergo the proposed elementary steps of the catalytic cycle.

摘要

我们描述了一种钯催化的芳基与烯丙基 pivalates 在 AgOPiv 存在下的选择性 C(芳基)-C(烯丙基)键构建方法,以得到具有优异区域选择性的线性 (E)-烯丙基芳基;该反应发生在以前没有经历过选择性和立体选择性直接烯丙基化的芳基上,如单氟苯和非氟化芳基。机理研究表明,膦配位的 AgOPiv 与芳基反应形成芳基银(I)物种,可能通过协同金属化-去质子化途径。然后,活化的芳基部分转移到由烯丙基 pivalate 的氧化加成形成的烯丙基钯(II)中间体。随后的还原消除提供了烯丙基-芳基偶联产物。上述提出的中间体,包括芳基银络合物,已被分离、结构表征,并确定在化学和动力学上能够进行催化循环的所提出的基本步骤。

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