Xu Cuiling, Fang Vicky J, Perera Ranawaka Apm, Kam Andrea May-Sin, Ng Sophia, Chan Yap-Hang, Chan Kwok-Hung, Ip Dennis Km, Peiris Js Malik, Cowling Benjamin J
WHO Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Control, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.
J Nutr. 2016 Dec;146(12):2506-2512. doi: 10.3945/jn.116.234856. Epub 2016 Oct 26.
Some studies have hypothesized that vitamin D may have a role to play in protection against influenza virus infections and illnesses, and that seasonal fluctuation in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] may affect seasonal patterns of influenza virus infections.
We aimed to investigate whether serum 25(OH)D concentrations were associated with the incidence of influenza virus infections and illnesses in children and adults in Hong Kong.
In 2009-2010, 3030 children and adults of all ages from 796 households in Hong Kong were followed up to identify acute respiratory illnesses. Sera from 2694 participants were collected at baseline and after ∼1 mo, 6 mo, and 12 mo. Influenza virus infections were confirmed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction performed on nasal and throat swab samples collected during illness episodes. Serologic evidence of influenza virus infection was measured by hemagglutination inhibition assays in unvaccinated participants. The serum 25(OH)D concentrations were measured after collection of all specimens. Each individual's baseline serum 25(OH)D concentration on 1 January 2010 was predicted by a random-effects linear regression model.
We found that, in children and adults who had not received a seasonal influenza vaccine, baseline serum 25(OH)D concentrations (<50 nmol/L compared with ≥50 nmol/L) were not statistically significantly associated with serologic evidence of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 (RR, 1.18; 95% CI: 0.85, 1.65) or seasonal influenza virus infections [including A(H3N2) and B virus] (RR, 1.13; 95% CI: 0.86, 1.49). In all participants, baseline serum 25(OH)D concentrations were not statistically significantly associated with polymerase chain reaction-confirmed influenza virus infection (RR, 1.15; 95% CI: 0.73, 1.83) and influenza-like illness (RR, 1.18; 95% CI: 0.98, 1.43).
These findings indicate that lower serum vitamin D concentrations may not contribute to the seasonality of influenza and are not associated with an increased risk of influenza virus infections in persons of all ages in Hong Kong.
一些研究推测维生素D可能在预防流感病毒感染和疾病方面发挥作用，并且血清25-羟维生素D[25(OH)D]的季节性波动可能影响流感病毒感染的季节性模式。
我们旨在调查香港儿童和成人血清25(OH)D浓度是否与流感病毒感染及疾病的发病率相关。
在2009 - 2010年，对香港796户家庭中各年龄段的3030名儿童和成人进行随访以确定急性呼吸道疾病。在基线以及约1个月、6个月和12个月后收集了2694名参与者的血清。通过对疾病发作期间采集的鼻拭子和咽拭子样本进行逆转录聚合酶链反应来确认流感病毒感染。通过血凝抑制试验对未接种疫苗的参与者测量流感病毒感染的血清学证据。在收集所有标本后测量血清25(OH)D浓度。通过随机效应线性回归模型预测2010年1月1日每位个体的基线血清25(OH)D浓度。
我们发现，在未接种季节性流感疫苗的儿童和成人中，基线血清25(OH)D浓度（<50 nmol/L与≥50 nmol/L相比）与甲型H1N1pdm09流感的血清学证据（RR，1.18；95%CI：0.85，1.65）或季节性流感病毒感染[包括A(H3N2)和B病毒]（RR，1.13；95%CI：0.86，1.49）无统计学显著关联。在所有参与者中，基线血清25(OH)D浓度与聚合酶链反应确诊的流感病毒感染（RR，1.15；95%CI：0.73，1.83）和流感样疾病（RR，1.18；95%CI：0.98，1.43）无统计学显著关联。
这些发现表明，较低的血清维生素D浓度可能不会导致流感的季节性变化，并且与香港所有年龄段人群中流感病毒感染风险增加无关。
