Al-Raddadi Rajaa M, Dashash Noha A, Alghamdi Hani A, Alzahrani Hanan S, Alsahafi Abdullah J, Algarni Abdullah M, AlRaddadi Zeyad M, Alghamdi Majed M, Hakim Raghad F, Al-Zalabani Abdulmohsen Hamdan
Ministry of Health, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
J Infect Dev Ctries. 2016 Oct 31;10(10):1116-1123. doi: 10.3855/jidc.7880.
Despite solid preventive strategies to reduce the risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, recent reports about its prevalence and predictors are lacking in several Saudi cities at the community level. This study aimed to assess the seroprevalence of HBV and to identify the most important predictors among the Saudi population in Jeddah city, Saudi Arabia.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 5,584 Saudi people attending primary health-care centers in Jeddah city during 2012/2013. Sociodemographic and hepatitis-related data were collected. HBV was diagnosed by ELISA test. The seroprevalence of HBV was estimated, and appropriate statistical analyses were performed, including univariate and multivariable regression analyses.
The seroprevalence of HBV was 2.2% (95% CI = 1.82-2.58) in the studied participants. The prevalence was higher among non-governmental workers (3.5%), male participants (3.4%) and those aged ≥ 25 years (2.4%). The most important predictors for increasing the risk of HBV in this study were HBV contacts, male sex, history of dental procedures and blood transfusion. The significant positive risks associated with these predictors were 3.3, 2.5, 2.0 and 1.65, respectively. HBV vaccination, on the other hand, was associated with a significant risk reduction of 88% (OR = 0.12; 95% CI = 0.03-0.51).
The seroprevalence of HBV was relatively low among the Saudi population in Jeddah city reflecting the actions taken by health authorities to control HBV infection. However, more efforts, particularly in relation to health education programmes, strict control of blood banks and dental clinics, are still needed.
尽管有可靠的预防策略来降低乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染风险，但沙特阿拉伯几个城市在社区层面缺乏关于其流行率和预测因素的最新报告。本研究旨在评估沙特阿拉伯吉达市沙特人群中HBV的血清流行率，并确定最重要的预测因素。
2012/2013年期间，对在吉达市初级卫生保健中心就诊的5584名沙特人进行了一项横断面研究。收集了社会人口统计学和肝炎相关数据。通过酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）试验诊断HBV。估计了HBV的血清流行率，并进行了适当的统计分析，包括单变量和多变量回归分析。
在研究参与者中，HBV的血清流行率为2.2%（95%置信区间=1.82-2.58）。非政府工作人员（3.5%）、男性参与者（3.4%）和年龄≥25岁的参与者（2.4%）中的流行率较高。本研究中增加HBV风险的最重要预测因素是HBV接触史、男性、牙科手术史和输血史。与这些预测因素相关的显著正风险分别为3.3、2.5、2.0和1.65。另一方面，HBV疫苗接种与显著降低88%的风险相关（比值比=0.12；95%置信区间=0.03-0.51）。
吉达市沙特人群中HBV的血清流行率相对较低，这反映了卫生当局为控制HBV感染所采取的行动。然而，仍需要做出更多努力，特别是在健康教育计划、严格控制血库和牙科诊所方面。
