Gonçalves Bruno, Esteves Pedro, Folgado Hugo, Ric Angel, Torrents Carlota, Sampaio Jaime
1Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, CreativeLab Research Community, Vila Real, Portugal; 2Department of Sport Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal; 3Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, Guarda, Portugal; 4Department of Sport and Health, School of Science and Technology, University of E[Combining Acute Accent]vora, E[Combining Acute Accent]vora, Portugal; and 5National Institute of Physical Education of Catalonia (INEFC), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain.
J Strength Cond Res. 2017 Sep;31(9):2398-2408. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001700.
Gonçalves, B, Esteves, P, Folgado, H, Ric, A, Torrents, C, and Sampaio, J. Effects of pitch area-restrictions on tactical behavior, physical and physiological performances in soccer large-sided games. J Strength Cond Res 31(9): 2398-2408, 2017-The aim of this study was to identify how pitch area-restrictions affect the tactical behavior, physical, and physiological performances of players during soccer large-sided games. A 10 vs. 9 large-sided game was performed under 3 experimental conditions: (a) restricted-spacing, the pitch was divided into specific areas where players were assigned and they should not leave it; (b) contiguous-spacing, the pitch was divided into specific areas where the players were only allowed to move to a neighboring one; (c) free-spacing, the players had no restrictions in space occupation. The positional data were used to compute players' spatial exploration index and also the distance, coefficient of variation, approximate entropy, and frequency of near-in-phase displacements synchronization of players' dyads formed by the outfield teammates. Players' physical and physiological performances were assessed by the distance covered at different speed categories, game pace, and heart rate. Most likely higher values were found in players' spatial exploration index under free-spacing conditions. The synchronization between dyads' displacements showed higher values for contiguous-spacing and free-spacing conditions. In contrast, for the jogging and running intensity zones, restricted-spacing demanded a moderate effect and most likely decrease compared with other scenarios (∼20-50% to jogging and ∼60-90% to running). Overall, the effects of limiting players' spatial exploration greatly impaired the coadaptation between teammates' positioning while decreasing the physical and physiological performances. These results allow for a better understanding of players' decision-making process according to specific task rules and can be relevant to enrich practice task design, such that coaches acknowledge the differential effect by using specific pitch-position area restrictions.
贡萨尔维斯，B，埃斯特维斯，P，福尔加多，H，里克，A，托伦特斯，C，以及桑帕约，J。足球场区域限制对足球大场地比赛战术行为、身体和生理表现的影响。《力量与体能研究杂志》31(9): 2398 - 2408，2017年——本研究的目的是确定足球场区域限制如何影响足球大场地比赛中球员的战术行为、身体和生理表现。在3种实验条件下进行了一场10对9的大场地比赛：(a) 受限间距，将球场划分为特定区域，球员被分配到这些区域且不得离开；(b) 相邻间距，将球场划分为特定区域，球员仅被允许移动到相邻区域；(c) 自由间距，球员在占据空间方面没有限制。位置数据用于计算球员的空间探索指数，以及由外场队友组成的球员二元组的距离、变异系数、近似熵和近同相位移同步频率。通过不同速度类别下的跑动距离、比赛节奏和心率来评估球员的身体和生理表现。在自由间距条件下，球员的空间探索指数最有可能出现更高的值。二元组位移之间的同步在相邻间距和自由间距条件下显示出更高的值。相比之下，对于慢跑和跑步强度区域，受限间距产生了中等影响，与其他场景相比很可能出现下降（慢跑下降约20 - 50%，跑步下降约60 - 90%）。总体而言，限制球员空间探索的影响极大地损害了队友之间定位的协同适应，同时降低了身体和生理表现。这些结果有助于根据特定任务规则更好地理解球员的决策过程，并且对于丰富实践任务设计可能具有重要意义，这样教练可以通过使用特定的球场位置区域限制来认识到不同的影响。
