Troped Philip J, Tamura Kosuke, McDonough Meghan H, Starnes Heather A, James Peter, Ben-Joseph Eran, Cromley Ellen, Puett Robin, Melly Steven J, Laden Francine
Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Ann Behav Med. 2017 Apr;51(2):282-291. doi: 10.1007/s12160-016-9852-2.
The built environment predicts walking in older adults, but the degree to which associations between the objective built environment and walking for different purposes are mediated by environmental perceptions is unknown.
We examined associations between the neighborhood built environment and leisure and utilitarian walking and mediation by the perceived environment among older women.
Women (N = 2732, M = 72.8 ± 6.8 years) from Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and California completed a neighborhood built environment and walking survey. Objective population and intersection density and density of stores and services variables were created within residential buffers. Perceived built environment variables included measures of land use mix, street connectivity, infrastructure for walking, esthetics, traffic safety, and personal safety. Regression and bootstrapping were used to test associations and indirect effects.
Objective population, stores/services, and intersection density indirectly predicted leisure and utilitarian walking via perceived land use mix (odds ratios (ORs) = 1.01-1.08, 95 % bias corrected and accelerated confidence intervals do not include 1). Objective density of stores/services directly predicted ≥150 min utilitarian walking (OR = 1.11; 95% CI = 1.02, 1.22). Perceived land use mix (ORs = 1.16-1.44) and esthetics (ORs = 1.24-1.61) significantly predicted leisure and utilitarian walking, CONCLUSIONS: Perceived built environment mediated associations between objective built environment variables and walking for leisure and utilitarian purposes. Interventions for older adults should take into account how objective built environment characteristics may influence environmental perceptions and walking.
建成环境可预测老年人的步行情况，但客观建成环境与不同目的步行之间的关联在多大程度上由环境感知介导尚不清楚。
我们研究了邻里建成环境与老年女性休闲步行和功利性步行之间的关联以及感知环境的中介作用。
来自马萨诸塞州、宾夕法尼亚州和加利福尼亚州的女性（N = 2732，平均年龄M = 72.8 ± 6.8岁）完成了一项邻里建成环境与步行调查。在居住缓冲区范围内创建了客观人口、交叉路口密度以及商店和服务密度变量。感知建成环境变量包括土地利用混合度、街道连通性、步行基础设施、美观度、交通安全和人身安全等指标。采用回归分析和自抽样法来检验关联和间接效应。
客观人口、商店/服务和交叉路口密度通过感知土地利用混合度间接预测休闲步行和功利性步行（优势比（ORs）= 1.01 - 1.08，95%偏差校正和加速置信区间不包括1）。商店/服务的客观密度直接预测了≥150分钟的功利性步行（OR = 1.11；95% CI = 1.02，1.22）。感知土地利用混合度（ORs = 1.16 - 1.44）和美观度（ORs = 1.24 - 1.61）显著预测了休闲步行和功利性步行。
感知建成环境介导了客观建成环境变量与休闲和功利性步行之间的关联。针对老年人的干预措施应考虑客观建成环境特征如何影响环境感知和步行。
