Arcury Thomas
a Department of Family and Community Medicine , Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem , North Carolina , USA.
J Agromedicine. 2017;22(1):3-8. doi: 10.1080/1059924X.2016.1256242.
Agriculture remains a dangerous industry, even as agricultural science and technology continue to advance. Research that goes beyond technological changes to address safety culture and policy are needed to improve health and safety in agriculture. In this commentary, I consider the potential for anthropology to contribute to agricultural health and safety research by addressing three aims: (1) I briefly consider what the articles in this issue of the Journal of Agromedicine say about anthropologists in agricultural health and safety; (2) I discuss what anthropologists can add to agricultural health and safety research; and (3) I examine ways in which anthropologists can participate in agricultural health and safety research. In using their traditions of rigorous field research to understand how those working in agriculture perceive and interpret factors affecting occupational health and safety (their "emic" perspective), and translating this perspective to improve the understanding of occupational health professionals and policy makers (an "etic" perspective), anthropologists can expose myths that limit improvements in agricultural health and safety. Addressing significant questions, working with the most vulnerable agricultural communities, and being outside establishment agriculture provide anthropologists with the opportunity to improve health and safety policy and regulation in agriculture.
尽管农业科技不断进步，但农业仍是一个危险的行业。需要开展超越技术变革、关注安全文化和政策的研究，以改善农业领域的健康与安全状况。在这篇评论文章中，我认为人类学有潜力通过实现三个目标，为农业健康与安全研究做出贡献：（1）我简要思考本期《农业医学杂志》中的文章对人类学家在农业健康与安全方面的论述；（2）我讨论人类学家能为农业健康与安全研究增添什么内容；（3）我审视人类学家参与农业健康与安全研究的方式。通过运用其严谨的实地研究传统，去理解从事农业工作的人员如何看待和解读影响职业健康与安全的因素（他们的“主位”视角），并将这一视角转化，以增进职业健康专业人员和政策制定者的理解（“客位”视角），人类学家能够揭示那些限制农业健康与安全改善的错误观念。解决重大问题、与最脆弱的农业社区合作以及置身于传统农业之外，为人类学家提供了改善农业健康与安全政策及法规的契机。
