Zhang Junrong, An Shengshu, Hu Wenji, Teng Meiyu, Wang Xue, Qu Yidi, Liu Yang, Yuan Ye, Wang Di
School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2016 Nov 1;17(11):1810. doi: 10.3390/ijms17111810.
, an edible and medicinal mushroom, displays various pharmacological activities in the prevention of dementia in conditions such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. The present study explored the neuroprotective effects of mycelium polysaccharide-enriched aqueous extract (HE) on an l-glutamic acid (l-Glu)-induced differentiated PC12 (DPC12) cellular apoptosis model and an AlCl₃ combined with d-galactose-induced Alzheimer's disease mouse model. The data revealed that HE successfully induced PC12 cell differentiation. A 3 h HE incubation at doses of 50 and 100 µg/mL before 25 mM of l-Glu effectively reversed the reduction of cell viability and the enhancement of the nuclear apoptosis rate in DPC12 cells. Compared with l-Glu-damaged cells, in PC12 cells, HE suppressed intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation, blocked Ca overload and prevented mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) depolarization. In the Alzheimer's disease mouse model, HE administration enhanced the horizontal and vertical movements in the autonomic activity test, improved the endurance time in the rotarod test, and decreased the escape latency time in the water maze test. It also improved the central cholinergic system function in the Alzheimer's mice, demonstrated by the fact that it dose-dependently enhanced the acetylcholine (Ach) and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) concentrations in both the serum and the hypothalamus. Our findings provide experimental evidence that HE may provide neuroprotective candidates for treating or preventing neurodegenerative diseases.
作为一种可食用和药用的蘑菇，在预防帕金森病和阿尔茨海默病等病症导致的痴呆方面展现出多种药理活性。本研究探讨了富含菌丝体多糖的水提取物（HE）对L-谷氨酸（L-Glu）诱导的分化型PC12（DPC12）细胞凋亡模型以及氯化铝联合D-半乳糖诱导的阿尔茨海默病小鼠模型的神经保护作用。数据显示，HE成功诱导了PC12细胞分化。在25 mM的L-Glu作用前，以50和100 μg/mL的剂量对DPC12细胞进行3小时的HE孵育，有效逆转了细胞活力的降低以及细胞核凋亡率的升高。与L-Glu损伤的细胞相比，在PC12细胞中，HE抑制了细胞内活性氧的积累，阻止了钙超载，并防止了线粒体膜电位（MMP）去极化。在阿尔茨海默病小鼠模型中，给予HE增强了自主活动试验中的水平和垂直运动，改善了转棒试验中的耐力时间，并缩短了水迷宫试验中的逃避潜伏期。它还改善了阿尔茨海默病小鼠的中枢胆碱能系统功能，这表现为它能剂量依赖性地提高血清和下丘脑乙酰胆碱（Ach）和胆碱乙酰转移酶（ChAT）的浓度。我们的研究结果提供了实验证据，表明HE可能为治疗或预防神经退行性疾病提供神经保护候选物。
