Grandjean P, Jensen B M, Sandø S H, Jøgensen P J, Antonsen S
Department of Environmental Medicine, Odense University, Denmark.
Am J Public Health. 1989 Oct;79(10):1385-8. doi: 10.2105/ajph.79.10.1385.
Twenty-five lead-exposed Danish battery production workers and 25-age-matched controls were examined to evaluate subclinical effects on blood formation. Blood lead levels averaged 2.14 mumol/L and 0.35 mumol/L in the two groups; the lead workers also showed high levels of erythrocyte protoporphyrin, as compared to the controls. Otherwise, the hematological parameters indicated an appropriate iron status and no other deviations. From all subjects, 0.45 L of blood was bled as part of a normal blood donation. Five and 11 days later, reticulocyte counts were significantly higher in the control group than in the lead-exposed workers. On day 15, the lead workers showed a significant delay in blood regeneration, as evidenced by lower hemoglobin concentration, and erythrocyte and reticulocyte counts. The lead exposure in the present study was within legal limits, and lead-induced anemia would be expected only at much higher exposure levels. Thus, despite the normal hematological findings in the initial examination, the lead exposure caused a decreased reserve capacity for blood formation, and this effect became evident only after the blood loss.
对25名接触铅的丹麦电池生产工人和25名年龄匹配的对照组人员进行了检查，以评估铅对血液生成的亚临床影响。两组的血铅水平平均分别为2.14μmol/L和0.35μmol/L；与对照组相比，铅作业工人的红细胞原卟啉水平也较高。此外，血液学参数表明铁状态适宜，无其他异常。作为正常献血的一部分，从所有受试者身上抽取了0.45L血液。5天和11天后，对照组的网织红细胞计数显著高于接触铅的工人。在第15天，铅作业工人的血液再生出现明显延迟，这表现为血红蛋白浓度、红细胞计数和网织红细胞计数较低。本研究中的铅暴露在法定限值内，预计只有在更高的暴露水平下才会导致铅中毒性贫血。因此，尽管初始检查时血液学结果正常，但铅暴露导致了血液生成储备能力下降，且这种影响仅在失血后才变得明显。
