沙眼：过去、现在与未来。
Trachoma: Past, present and future.
作者信息
Mohammadpour Mehrdad, Abrishami Mojtaba, Masoumi Ahmad, Hashemi Hassan
机构信息
Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Noor Ophthalmology Research Center, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
出版信息
J Curr Ophthalmol. 2016 Sep 19;28(4):165-169. doi: 10.1016/j.joco.2016.08.011. eCollection 2016 Dec.
PURPOSE
To review the background, epidemiology and current management of trachoma in endemic areas and worldwide.
METHODS
Review of literature.
RESULTS
Trachoma is one of the leading causes of preventable blindness in developing countries. It was reported as one of the seven most neglected tropical diseases that can be prevented via drug administration. Its infliction is primarily aimed at those living in areas deprived of clean water and proper sanitation. It is estimated that trachoma is the cause of visual impairment in about 2.2 million people worldwide of which about 1.2 million are completely blind. With implementation of the SAFE (surgery, antibiotics, facial cleanliness, and environmental control) strategy with support from the International Trachoma Initiative (ITI) the incidence of trachoma has decreased significantly in the Middle East and North Africa region.
CONCLUSION
With the enhancement of socioeconomic and sanitary status of people, advent of new generations of antibiotics, training of expert ophthalmologists and eye care facilities the prevalence of trachoma is decreasing.
目的
回顾沙眼在流行地区及全球的背景、流行病学情况和当前的管理措施。
方法
文献综述。
结果
沙眼是发展中国家可预防失明的主要原因之一。它被列为七种可通过药物治疗预防的最被忽视的热带病之一。其影响主要针对生活在缺乏清洁水源和适当卫生设施地区的人群。据估计，沙眼是全球约220万人视力受损的原因，其中约120万人完全失明。在国际沙眼倡议（ITI）的支持下实施SAFE（手术、抗生素、面部清洁和环境控制）战略后，中东和北非地区的沙眼发病率显著下降。
结论
随着人们社会经济和卫生状况的改善、新一代抗生素的出现、专业眼科医生的培训以及眼科护理设施的完善，沙眼的患病率正在下降。
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