加纳科勒布教学医院镰状细胞病成人心理症状的患病率。
Prevalence of psychological symptoms among adults with sickle cell disease in Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Ghana.
机构信息
Department of Psychological Medicine and Mental Health, School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
Department of Psychological Medicine and Mental Health, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
出版信息
BMC Psychol. 2016 Nov 10;4(1):53. doi: 10.1186/s40359-016-0162-z.
BACKGROUND
Previous research revealed high prevalence of psychological symptoms among sickle cell disease (SCD) patients in the West and Europe. In some Black SCD populations such as Nigeria and Jamaica, anxiety and depression had low prevalence rates compared to Europe. With difficulty locating research data on the prevalence of psychological symptoms in Ghana, this study aimed at exploring psychological symptoms among adults with SCD in a Teaching Hospital in Accra, Ghana.
METHODS
Two hundred and one participants (males 102 and females 99) who were HbSS (n = 131) and HbSC (n = 70), aged 18 years and above were purposively recruited. Using the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) in a cross-sectional survey, the research answered questions about the prevalence of psychological symptoms. It also examined gender and genotype differences in psychological symptoms scores.
RESULTS
Results indicated that adults with SCD had non-distress psychological symptoms scores. Although paranoid ideation as a psychological symptom indicated "a little bit" score, its prevalence was only 1 %. The prevalence of psychological symptoms as indexed by the Positive Symptom Total (PST) was 10 %. Anxiety, hostility, and depression were psychological symptoms with low scores. Furthermore, except psychoticism scores, males did not differ significantly from females in other psychological symptoms. On the contrary, HbSS participants differed significantly, reporting more psychological symptoms than their HbSC counterparts.
CONCLUSIONS
The study concluded that there was low prevalence of psychological symptoms among adults with SCD in this Ghanaian study. Although psychological symptoms distress scores were not observed among study participants at this time, females differed significantly by experiencing more psychoticism symptoms than males. HbSS participants also differed significantly by experiencing more depression, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, psychoticism, and additional symptoms such as poor appetite, trouble falling asleep, thoughts of dying, and feeling guilty, than their HbSC counterparts. Implications for further study and clinical practice were discussed.
背景
之前的研究表明，西语国家和欧洲的镰状细胞病（SCD）患者存在较高的心理症状发生率。在尼日利亚和牙买加等一些黑人 SCD 人群中，焦虑症和抑郁症的发生率则低于欧洲。由于难以在加纳找到有关心理症状发生率的研究数据，本研究旨在探索加纳阿克拉教学医院成年 SCD 患者的心理症状。
方法
本研究采用横断面调查，共招募了 201 名参与者（男性 102 名，女性 99 名），均为 HbSS（n=131）和 HbSC（n=70），年龄在 18 岁及以上。研究使用简明症状量表（BSI）回答了有关心理症状发生率的问题，并检查了性别和基因型差异对心理症状评分的影响。
结果
结果表明，SCD 成年患者的心理症状得分处于非困扰水平。尽管偏执观念作为一种心理症状表现为“有点”，但其发生率仅为 1%。心理症状的阳性症状总分（PST）的发生率为 10%。焦虑、敌意和抑郁是得分较低的心理症状。此外，除了精神病性症状外，男性在其他心理症状方面与女性无显著差异。相反，HbSS 参与者与 HbSC 参与者在报告更多的心理症状方面存在显著差异。
结论
本研究得出结论，加纳这项研究中，SCD 成年患者的心理症状发生率较低。尽管目前研究参与者的心理症状困扰评分未观察到，但女性经历的精神病性症状明显多于男性。HbSS 参与者经历的抑郁、恐怖性焦虑、偏执观念、精神病性症状以及其他症状（如食欲不振、入睡困难、想死的念头和内疚感）也明显多于 HbSC 参与者。讨论了进一步研究和临床实践的意义。
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