Donaire-Gonzalez David, Valentín Antònia, de Nazelle Audrey, Ambros Albert, Carrasco-Turigas Glòria, Seto Edmund, Jerrett Michael, Nieuwenhuijsen Mark J
ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.
Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.
JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2016 Nov 10;4(4):e126. doi: 10.2196/mhealth.5771.
Tracking individuals in environmental epidemiological studies using novel mobile phone technologies can provide valuable information on geolocation and physical activity, which will improve our understanding of environmental exposures.
The objective of this study was to assess the performance of one of the least expensive mobile phones on the market to track people's travel-activity pattern.
Adults living and working in Barcelona (72/162 bicycle commuters) carried simultaneously a mobile phone and a Global Positioning System (GPS) tracker and filled in a travel-activity diary (TAD) for 1 week (N=162). The CalFit app for mobile phones was used to log participants' geographical location and physical activity. The geographical location data were assigned to different microenvironments (home, work or school, in transit, others) with a newly developed spatiotemporal map-matching algorithm. The tracking performance of the mobile phones was compared with that of the GPS trackers using chi-square test and Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test. The minute agreement across all microenvironments between the TAD and the algorithm was compared using the Gwet agreement coefficient (AC1).
The mobile phone acquired locations for 905 (29.2%) more trips reported in travel diaries than the GPS tracker (P<.001) and had a median accuracy of 25 m. Subjects spent on average 57.9%, 19.9%, 9.0%, and 13.2% of time at home, work, in transit, and other places, respectively, according to the TAD and 57.5%, 18.8%, 11.6%, and 12.1%, respectively, according to the map-matching algorithm. The overall minute agreement between both methods was high (AC1 .811, 95% CI .810-.812).
The use of mobile phones running the CalFit app provides better information on which microenvironments people spend their time in than previous approaches based only on GPS trackers. The improvements of mobile phone technology in microenvironment determination are because the mobile phones are faster at identifying first locations and capable of getting location in challenging environments thanks to the combination of assisted-GPS technology and network positioning systems. Moreover, collecting location information from mobile phones, which are already carried by individuals, allows monitoring more people with a cheaper and less burdensome method than deploying GPS trackers.
在环境流行病学研究中，使用新型移动电话技术追踪个体能够提供有关地理位置和身体活动的宝贵信息，这将增进我们对环境暴露的理解。
本研究的目的是评估市场上最便宜的一款移动电话追踪人们出行活动模式的性能。
在巴塞罗那生活和工作的成年人（72名/162名骑自行车上下班者）同时携带一部移动电话和一个全球定位系统（GPS）追踪器，并填写一份出行活动日记（TAD），为期1周（N = 162）。使用适用于移动电话的CalFit应用程序记录参与者的地理位置和身体活动。利用一种新开发的时空地图匹配算法，将地理位置数据分配到不同的微环境（家中、工作或学校、途中、其他）。使用卡方检验和Kruskal-Wallis秩和检验，将移动电话的追踪性能与GPS追踪器的进行比较。使用Gwet一致性系数（AC1）比较TAD与算法在所有微环境中的分钟一致性。
与GPS追踪器相比，移动电话获取了出行日记中报告的多出905次（29.2%）行程的位置信息（P <.001），中位精度为25米。根据TAD，受试者在家中、工作场所、途中和其他地方花费的时间平均分别为57.9%、19.9%、9.0%和13.2%，而根据地图匹配算法，分别为57.5%、18.8%、11.6%和12.1%。两种方法之间的总体分钟一致性较高（AC1 = 0.811，95%CI 0.810 - 0.812）。
与仅基于GPS追踪器的先前方法相比，使用运行CalFit应用程序的移动电话能提供关于人们在哪些微环境中度过时间的更好信息。移动电话技术在微环境确定方面的改进是因为移动电话在识别初始位置方面更快，并且由于辅助GPS技术和网络定位系统的结合，能够在具有挑战性的环境中获取位置信息。此外，从个人已经携带的移动电话收集位置信息，与部署GPS追踪器相比，能够以更便宜且负担更小的方法监测更多的人。
Zotero 插件