Reale Reid, Cox Gregory R, Slater Gary, Burke Louise M
Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2017 Aug;12(7):856-863. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2016-0311. Epub 2016 Nov 11.
Combat-sport athletes acutely reduce body mass (BM) before weigh-in in an attempt to gain a size/strength advantage over smaller opponents. Few studies have investigated these practices among boxers and none have explored the impact of this practice on competitive success.
One hundred (30 women, 70 men) elite boxers participating in the Australian national championships were weighed at the official weigh-in and 1 h before each competition bout. Regain in BM after weigh-in was compared between finalists and nonfinalists, winners and losers of each fight, men and women, and weight divisions. Boxers were surveyed on their pre- and post-weigh-in nutrition practices.
The lightest men's weight category displayed significantly greater relative BM regain than all other divisions, with no difference between other divisions. BM prebout was higher than official weigh-in for men (2.12% ± 1.62%; P < .001; ES = 0.13) and women (1.49% ± 1.65%; P < .001; ES = 0.11). No differences in BM regain were found between finalists and nonfinalists, winners and losers of individual bouts, or between preliminary or final bouts. BM regain was significantly greater (0.37% BM, P < .001; ES = 0.25) before an afternoon bout compared with a morning bout.
Boxers engage in acute BM-loss practices before the official competition weigh-in, but this does not appear to affect competition outcomes, at least when weight regain between weigh-in and fighting is used as a proxy for the magnitude of acute loss. While boxers recognize the importance of recovering after weigh-in, current practice is not aligned with best-practice guidance.
格斗运动员在称重前会急剧减轻体重（BM），试图比身材较小的对手获得体型/力量优势。很少有研究调查拳击运动员的这些做法，也没有人探讨这种做法对比赛成绩的影响。
对参加澳大利亚全国锦标赛的100名（30名女性，70名男性）精英拳击运动员在官方称重时以及每场比赛前1小时进行称重。比较决赛选手和非决赛选手、每场比赛的胜者和败者、男性和女性以及不同体重级别的选手在称重后体重的恢复情况。对拳击运动员称重前后的营养做法进行了调查。
最轻量级的男子组别显示出比所有其他级别显著更高的相对体重恢复率，其他级别之间没有差异。比赛前的体重高于官方称重时的体重，男性为（2.12%±1.62%；P<.001；效应量=0.13），女性为（1.49%±1.65%；P<.001；效应量=0.11）。在决赛选手和非决赛选手、各场比赛的胜者和败者之间，或预赛和决赛之间，体重恢复情况没有差异。与上午的比赛相比，下午的比赛前体重恢复显著更高（体重的0.37%，P<.001；效应量=0.25）。
拳击运动员在官方比赛称重前会进行急剧减重，但这似乎并不影响比赛结果，至少当以称重和比赛之间的体重恢复作为急性减重幅度的指标时是这样。虽然拳击运动员认识到称重后恢复的重要性，但目前的做法与最佳实践指南不一致。
