Lakicevic Nemanja, Matthews Joseph J, Artioli Guilherme G, Paoli Antonio, Roklicer Roberto, Trivic Tatjana, Bianco Antonino, Drid Patrik
Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, University of Palermo, 90133, Palermo, Italy.
Research Centre for Life and Sport Sciences (CLaSS), School of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Sport and Exercise, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, UK.
J Eat Disord. 2022 May 25;10(1):75. doi: 10.1186/s40337-022-00595-w.
Patterns of weight cycling in adult combat sports have been extensively studied, yet data on this matter in youth combat athletes is rather scarce.
PubMed, EBSCOhost and Web of Science were used to retrieve relevant data. Eligible studies had to record the methods used to elicit rapid weight loss (RWL) and/or record the oscillations in bodyweight during the RWL phase. Only studies conducted in the context of an official competition were considered for inclusion in the present review.
RWL is highly prevalent in children and adolescent combat athletes, ranging from 25 to 94% depending on the type of combat sport, age and level of competition. These athletes regularly prompt RWL by increasing exercise frequency and intensity, decreasing fluid and food intake, training in impermeable suits and using sauna frequently. Overall, the magnitude of RWL was ranging from ~ 1% to 6.3 ± 3.7% with significant RWL variations within individual studies and individuals within those studies.
Acquired data indicated that RWL patterns in young combat athletes are similar to those found in their adult counterparts. Knowing that childhood and adolescence are critical periods for growth and development, RWL needs to be stringently regulated and ideally banned in this population.
成人格斗运动中的体重循环模式已得到广泛研究，但关于青少年格斗运动员这方面的数据却相当稀少。
使用PubMed、EBSCOhost和科学网检索相关数据。符合条件的研究必须记录用于引发快速减重（RWL）的方法和/或记录RWL阶段的体重波动情况。本综述仅纳入在官方比赛背景下进行的研究。
RWL在儿童和青少年格斗运动员中非常普遍，根据格斗运动类型、年龄和比赛水平，其发生率在25%至94%之间。这些运动员经常通过增加运动频率和强度、减少液体和食物摄入量、穿着不透气的服装训练以及频繁使用桑拿等方式来促使RWL。总体而言，RWL的幅度在约1%至6.3±3.7%之间，在个别研究以及这些研究中的个体内部，RWL存在显著差异。
所获得的数据表明，年轻格斗运动员的RWL模式与其成年同行相似。鉴于儿童期和青春期是生长发育的关键时期，RWL在这一人群中需要受到严格监管，理想情况下应予以禁止。
