Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Climate Change, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2017 Feb 1;578:476-484. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.212. Epub 2016 Nov 8.
To explore the spatial and chemical characteristics of PM pollution and the influence of fireworks displays on PM and its chemical components in rural areas in Central and East China, PM samples were collected at three rural sites and one suburban site in Henan and Shandong provinces during the 2016 Chinese New Year, and the chemical composition of PM, including water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIIs), organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) and trace elements (TEs) was analysed. The concentrations of PM at the four sites were significantly higher than the Grade I national standard of 35μg/m, indicating serious PM pollution in rural and suburban areas. The contributions of secondary WSIIs to total WSIIs at the four sites were lower than in urban areas. The TEs in XP and LC were significantly enriched in PM. A significant difference was found in the main chemical compositions of different sites. Fireworks displays directly increased the concentrations of PM and many chemicals, especially K, Cl, K, Cl, S, Cu and Sr, and concentrations of NO and NH ions peaked after the fireworks period in the three rural sites, indicating the influence of firecrackers on the secondary formation of the precursors of NO. The ratio of WSOC/OC decreased during fireworks displays, indicating the direct influence of firecrackers on water insoluble organic matter. Fireworks-related ions were a key component of the aerosol at the four sites during fireworks displays, accounting for 28-38% of the total measured species.
为了探究 PM 污染的空间和化学特征，以及烟花燃放对华东和华中农村地区 PM 及其化学组分的影响，于 2016 年中国新年期间，在河南省和山东省的 3 个农村站点和 1 个郊区站点采集了 PM 样本，分析了 PM 的化学成分，包括水溶性无机离子（WSIIs）、有机碳（OC）、元素碳（EC）、水溶性有机碳（WSOC）和微量元素（TEs）。四个站点的 PM 浓度明显高于国家一级标准 35μg/m，表明农村和郊区地区的 PM 污染严重。四个站点二次水溶性无机离子对总水溶性无机离子的贡献低于城市地区。XP 和 LC 中的 TEs 在 PM 中明显富集。不同站点的主要化学成分存在显著差异。烟花燃放直接增加了 PM 和许多化学物质的浓度，特别是 K、Cl、K、Cl、S、Cu 和 Sr，三个农村站点的 NO 和 NH 离子浓度在烟花燃放后达到峰值，表明鞭炮对 NO 前体二次形成的影响。烟花燃放期间，WSOC/OC 比值下降，表明鞭炮直接影响水不溶性有机物。烟花相关离子是四个站点烟花燃放期间气溶胶的关键成分，占总测量物种的 28-38%。
