Department of environmental health, municipal health services Groningen, PO Box 584, 9700 AN, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Department of epidemiology, university of Groningen, university medical center Groningen, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Sci Rep. 2019 Apr 5;9(1):5735. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-42080-6.
Short-term exposure to air pollution has been associated with cardiovascular and respiratory mortality and morbidity. Little is known about associations between air pollution caused by firework events and daily mortality. We investigated whether particulate matter from fireworks during New Year's celebrations was associated with daily mortality. We analyzed the celebrations of the years 1995-2012. PM concentrations increased dramatically during the firework events. Countrywide, the daily average PM concentrations from 27-30 December was 29 μg/m and increased during the first hour of the New Year by 277 μg/m. In the more densely populated areas of the Netherlands the increase was even steeper, 598 μg/m in the first hour of the New Year. No consistent associations were found using linear regression models between PM concentrations during the first six hours of 1 January and daily mortality in the general population. Yet, using a case-crossover analysis firework-days and PM concentrations were associated with daily mortality. Therefore, in light of the contradictory results obtained with the different statistical analyses, we recommend further epidemiological research on the health effects of exposure to firework emissions.
短期暴露于空气污染与心血管和呼吸道死亡率和发病率有关。对于烟花活动引起的空气污染与每日死亡率之间的关联，知之甚少。我们调查了新年庆祝活动期间的烟花产生的颗粒物是否与每日死亡率有关。我们分析了 1995-2012 年的庆祝活动。烟花事件期间，PM 浓度急剧增加。在全国范围内，12 月 27 日至 30 日的每日平均 PM 浓度为 29μg/m，并在新年的第一小时增加了 277μg/m。在荷兰人口更密集的地区，新年第一小时的增幅甚至更大，为 598μg/m。使用线性回归模型，在 1 月 1 日的前六个小时内 PM 浓度与一般人群的每日死亡率之间未发现一致的关联。然而，使用病例交叉分析，烟花日和 PM 浓度与每日死亡率相关。因此，鉴于不同统计分析得出的相互矛盾的结果，我们建议对烟花排放物暴露对健康的影响进行进一步的流行病学研究。
