Deluchi Michelle, Costa Fabiana Silva, Friedman Rogério, Gonçalves Raul, Bizarro Lisiane
Instituto de Psicologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Psicologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Médicas: Endocrinologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Appetite. 2017 Jan 1;108:471-476. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2016.11.012. Epub 2016 Nov 9.
Attentional bias is an implicit cognition relevant to development and maintenance of obesity, but little is known of how binge eating modulates attentional bias in severe obesity. This study investigated attentional bias towards unhealthy foods at different stages of attentional processing in a clinical sample, comparing obese patients (Body Mass Index, BMI>35 kg/m) with and without binge eating behaviors. Participants were separated into two groups according to their score on the Binge Eating Scale (BES): no binge eating (NB; score ≤17; n = 23) and binge eating (BE; score > 17; n = 19). Participants performed a computerized visual probe task designed to evaluate attentional bias in different stages of attentional process; matching pairs of unhealthy food and matching non-food pictures concealed a target for 100, 500 or 2000 ms. Reduced reaction times to targets following food-related images are indicative of attentional bias towards food images. BE group exhibited a greater bias towards food than NB. Both groups showed positive attentional bias to food in the initial orientation stage (100 ms), whereas bias was close to zero in the maintenance of attention stage (2000 ms), suggesting ambivalent approach-avoidance responses to food stimuli. Only the BE group showed a bias towards food images when displayed for 500 ms, indicating disengaging from food-related stimuli was faster in NB group. Although both groups were ambivalent about attending to food cues, slower attentional disengagement from unhealthy food might be a cognitive marker of binge eating behavior in severe obesity.
注意偏向是一种与肥胖的发生和维持相关的内隐认知，但对于暴饮暴食如何调节重度肥胖中的注意偏向知之甚少。本研究在一个临床样本中调查了在注意加工的不同阶段对不健康食物的注意偏向，比较了有和没有暴饮暴食行为的肥胖患者（体重指数，BMI>35 kg/m）。根据他们在暴饮暴食量表（BES）上的得分，参与者被分为两组：无暴饮暴食（NB；得分≤17；n = 23）和暴饮暴食（BE；得分>17；n = 19）。参与者执行一项计算机化视觉探测任务，旨在评估注意加工不同阶段的注意偏向；将不健康食物与非食物图片配对，隐藏一个目标100、500或2000毫秒。对与食物相关图像后的目标反应时间缩短表明对食物图像存在注意偏向。BE组比NB组对食物表现出更大的偏向。两组在初始定向阶段（100毫秒）对食物都表现出正向注意偏向，而在注意维持阶段（2000毫秒）偏向接近零，表明对食物刺激存在矛盾的趋近-回避反应。只有BE组在目标显示500毫秒时对食物图像表现出偏向，表明NB组从与食物相关刺激中脱离的速度更快。尽管两组在关注食物线索方面都存在矛盾，但重度肥胖中从不健康食物中更慢的注意脱离可能是暴饮暴食行为的一种认知标志。
