Dajak Lidija, Mastilica Miroslav, Orešković Stjepan, Vuletić Gorka
Department of Social Work, Home for the elderly people Maksimir, Hegedušićeva 20, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia,
Psychiatr Danub. 2016 Dec;28(4):404-408.
To analyse the differences in the self-estimate of life quality depending on the ageing type - passive, active.
Life-quality linked to health was measured with an SF-36 survey, which gives multi-dimensional criteria of health and life-quality. SF-36 survey represents a theoretically based and empirically proven operationalization of two overal health concepts, which are body and mental health, and its two general manifestations, functioning, and welfare. 200 examinees in total, aged from 55 to 92, were included in the research. Divided by sex, in the research participated 148 women and 52 men. Depending on the ageing way, the examinees were divided into 2 categories: passive ageing (n=100), active ageing (n=100), and for these groups a detailed result analysis was done. Statistical analysis includes descriptive statistics, Hi-square test, Spearman's correlation coefficient, and Mann-Whitney U test.
In all dimensions of health, examinees from the category Active ageing achieve higher scores, which indicates better health and better functioning. Between the groups, a statistically significant difference was determined, on the following dimensions: Overall health, Pains, Energy and vitality, Social operations, and Limits due to emotional difficulties. With the Hi-square test, it was determined that there are differences between the groups. The biggest difference can be seen in the reply categories related to health deterioration (χ=10.391; df=4; p=0.034). Examinees from the Active ageing group mention significantly less that their health has gotten worse compared to the previous year (26% of the active ones state that their health is somewhat worse, and only 2% that their health is significantly worse, compared to the passive ones where 36% state that their health is worse, and 9% that it's much worse compared to the year before). Tested was the difference between arithmetic middles on the issue of mental health based on the ageing type (p>0.05), and the results show that it's not statistically significant.
On all dimensions, examinees from the category Active ageing achieve higher scores, which indicates a better health and better functioning.
分析根据衰老类型——被动衰老、主动衰老——在生活质量自我评估方面的差异。
采用SF - 36调查问卷来测量与健康相关的生活质量，该问卷给出了健康和生活质量的多维度标准。SF - 36调查问卷代表了两个总体健康概念——身体健康和心理健康及其两个一般表现形式——功能和幸福——的基于理论且经实证验证的操作化。共有200名年龄在55岁至92岁之间的受试者纳入研究。按性别划分，参与研究的有148名女性和52名男性。根据衰老方式，受试者被分为两类：被动衰老（n = 100）、主动衰老（n = 100），并对这些组进行了详细的结果分析。统计分析包括描述性统计、卡方检验、斯皮尔曼相关系数和曼 - 惠特尼U检验。
在所有健康维度上，主动衰老组的受试者得分更高，这表明其健康状况更好且功能更佳。在以下维度上确定了两组之间具有统计学显著差异：总体健康、疼痛、精力与活力、社会功能以及因情感困扰导致的受限情况。通过卡方检验确定了两组之间存在差异。在与健康恶化相关的回答类别中差异最为明显（χ = 10.391；自由度 = 4；p = 0.034）。与被动衰老组相比，主动衰老组的受试者提及自身健康状况比上一年变差的情况明显更少（主动衰老组中26%的人表示健康稍有变差，只有2%的人表示健康明显变差；而被动衰老组中36%的人表示健康变差，9%的人表示健康比上一年差很多）。对基于衰老类型的心理健康问题上的算术平均值差异进行了检验（p>0.05），结果表明差异无统计学意义。
在所有维度上，主动衰老组的受试者得分更高，这表明其健康状况更好且功能更佳。
