Del Pozo-Rubio Raúl, Pardo-García Isabel, Escribano-Sotos Francisco
Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Centro de Estudios Sociosanitarios, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, España.
Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, Centro de Estudios Sociosanitarios, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, España.
Gac Sanit. 2017 Jan-Feb;31(1):23-29. doi: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2016.09.003. Epub 2016 Nov 14.
The objective of this piece of work is to establish the cost of dependency and the cost of financing it. Specifically, we will determine the cost of co-payment for individual users following the modification introduced by the 13th of July 2012 Resolution as well as its allocation by the autonomous regions.
The degree and level of dependency was established using the Survey on Disability, Personal Autonomy and Dependency Situations, 2008. The cost of dependency according to degree and level and autonomous regions was established with information from the System for Personal Autonomy and Care of Dependent Persons. The co-payment was established according to applicants' purchasing power. The rating of these services, and the contribution of individual users were done in agreement with 2012 legislation and with common indicators and benchmarks for the whole national territory.
The total estimated cost is 10,598.8 million euros (1.03% of GDP), and Andalusia, the Valencian Community and Catalonia are those regions with the greatest costs. The average national co-payment per individual user is 53.54%, with differences due to degrees and levels of disability and autonomous regions, although, generally speaking, all of the users fund more than half of the care they receive.
This change in legislation has meant that co-payment is higher than the 33% established by this law and that co-payments prior to 2012 were about 20%. If we add to this the differences in autonomous regions, it would be useful to reflect on the uneven application of the law.
这项工作的目的是确定长期护理的成本及其资金成本。具体而言，我们将根据2012年7月13日决议引入的修改内容，确定个人用户的自付费用成本，以及自治区对其的分配情况。
使用《2008年残疾、个人自主和长期护理状况调查》确定长期护理的程度和水平。根据程度、水平以及自治区情况，利用个人自主和长期护理人员照料系统的信息确定长期护理成本。根据申请人的购买力确定自付费用。这些服务的评级以及个人用户的缴费是根据2012年立法以及全国统一的通用指标和基准进行的。
估计总成本为105.988亿欧元（占国内生产总值的1.03%），安达卢西亚、巴伦西亚自治区和加泰罗尼亚是成本最高的地区。全国每位个人用户的平均自付费用为53.54%，因残疾程度和水平以及自治区不同而存在差异，不过总体而言，所有用户支付了他们所接受护理费用的一半以上。
这项立法变化意味着自付费用高于该法律规定的33%，2012年之前的自付费用约为20%。再加上自治区之间的差异，有必要反思该法律实施的不均衡情况。
