Ma Jing, Bo Shu-Hong, Lu Xiao-Tong, Xu A-Jing, Zhang Jian
Department of Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Neural Regen Res. 2016 Sep;11(9):1438-1444. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.191217.
Carnosine is a dipeptide that scavenges free radicals, inhibits inflammation in the central nervous system, and protects against ischemic and hypoxic brain damage through its anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic actions. Therefore, we hypothesized that carnosine would also protect against white matter damage caused by subcortical ischemic injury. White matter damage was induced by right unilateral common carotid artery occlusion in mice. The animals were treated with 200, 500 or 750 mg/kg carnosine by intraperitoneal injection 30 minutes before injury and every other day after injury. Then, 37 days later, Klüver-Barrera staining, toluidine blue staining and immunofluorescence staining were performed. Carnosine (200, 500 mg/kg) substantially reduced damage to the white matter in the corpus callosum, internal capsule and optic tract, and it rescued expression of myelin basic protein, and alleviated the loss of oligodendrocytes. However, carnosine at the higher dose of 750 mg/kg did not have the same effects as the 200 and 500 mg/kg doses. These findings show that carnosine, at a particular dose range, protects against white matter damage caused by chronic cerebral ischemia in mice, likely by reducing oligodendroglial cell loss.
肌肽是一种二肽，它能清除自由基，抑制中枢神经系统的炎症，并通过其抗氧化和抗凋亡作用预防缺血性和缺氧性脑损伤。因此，我们推测肌肽也能预防皮质下缺血性损伤引起的白质损伤。通过右单侧颈总动脉闭塞诱导小鼠白质损伤。在损伤前30分钟及损伤后每隔一天给动物腹腔注射200、500或750mg/kg肌肽。然后，37天后，进行Klüver-Barrera染色、甲苯胺蓝染色和免疫荧光染色。肌肽（200、500mg/kg）显著减少了胼胝体、内囊和视束中白质的损伤，挽救了髓鞘碱性蛋白的表达，并减轻了少突胶质细胞的损失。然而，750mg/kg的高剂量肌肽与200和500mg/kg剂量的效果不同。这些发现表明，在特定剂量范围内，肌肽可能通过减少少突胶质细胞的损失来预防小鼠慢性脑缺血引起的白质损伤。
