Csala Iren, Elemery Monika, Martinovszky Fruzsina, Dome Peter, Dome Balazs, Faludi Gabor, Sandor Imola, Gyorffy Zsuzsa, Birkas Emma, Lazary Judit
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary ; Institute of Behavioral Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2016 Nov 11;15:32. doi: 10.1186/s12991-016-0118-y. eCollection 2016.
Parental bonding has been implicated in smoking behavior, and the quality of maternal bonding (MB) has been associated with poor mental health and substance use. However, little is known about the association of MB and the smoking of the offspring.
In our study, 129 smokers and 610 non-smoker medical students completed the parental bonding instrument, which measures MB along two dimensions: care and overprotection. Four categories can be created by high and low scores on care and overprotection: optimal parenting (OP; high care/low overprotection); affectionless control (ALC; low care/high overprotection); affectionate constraint (AC; high care/high overprotection), and neglectful parenting (NP; low care/low overprotection). Nicotine dependence was assessed by the Fagerstrom Nicotine Dependence Test, exhaled CO level, and daily cigarette consumption (CPD).
Higher CPD was significantly associated with lower overprotection ( = 0.016) and higher care ( = 0.023) scores. The odds for being a smoker were significantly higher in the neglectful maternal bonding style compared to the other rearing styles ( = 0.022). Besides, smokers showed significantly higher care and lower overprotection scores with the Mann-Whitney U-test than non-smokers, although these associations did not remain significant in multiple regression models.
Our results indicate that focusing on early life relationship between patient and mother can be important in psychotherapeutic interventions for smoking. retrospectively registered.
父母养育方式与吸烟行为有关，而母婴关系质量与心理健康不佳及物质使用有关。然而，关于母婴关系与后代吸烟之间的关联知之甚少。
在我们的研究中，129名吸烟医学生和610名不吸烟医学生完成了父母养育方式问卷，该问卷从关爱和过度保护两个维度衡量母婴关系。关爱和过度保护的高分和低分可分为四类：最佳养育方式（OP；高关爱/低过度保护）；冷漠控制（ALC；低关爱/高过度保护）；温情约束（AC；高关爱/高过度保护）和忽视型养育方式（NP；低关爱/低过度保护）。通过法格斯特龙尼古丁依赖测试、呼出一氧化碳水平和每日吸烟量（CPD）评估尼古丁依赖情况。
较高的CPD与较低的过度保护得分（P = 0.016）和较高的关爱得分（P = 0.023）显著相关。与其他养育方式相比，忽视型母婴关系风格的人吸烟的几率显著更高（P = 0.022）。此外，通过曼-惠特尼U检验，吸烟者的关爱得分显著高于非吸烟者，过度保护得分显著低于非吸烟者，尽管在多元回归模型中这些关联不再显著。
我们的结果表明，关注患者与母亲的早期生活关系在吸烟的心理治疗干预中可能很重要。回顾性注册。
