Otani Koichi, Suzuki Akihito, Oshino Shingo, Ishii Genki, Matsumoto Yoshihiko
Department of Psychiatry, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan.
Psychiatry Res. 2009 Jan 30;165(1-2):181-6. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2007.10.018. Epub 2008 Dec 11.
The effects of the affectionless control (AC) parenting style on personality traits were studied in 414 Japanese healthy subjects. Perceived parental rearing was assessed by the Parental Bonding Instrument, which comprises care and protection factors, and personality traits were assessed by the Temperament and Character Inventory, which has seven dimensions. Parental rearing was classified into four types, i.e., optimal parenting (high care/low protection), affectionate constraint (high care/high protection), neglectful parenting (low care/low protection), and AC (low care/high protection). Males with maternal AC showed significantly higher harm avoidance (HA) scores and lower scores of persistence and cooperativeness than those with maternal optimal parenting. Females with maternal AC showed significantly higher HA scores and lower self-directedness scores than those with maternal optimal parenting. Paternal AC was not significantly related to any personality score. In females, the interaction between paternal rearing and maternal rearing was significant; the effect of maternal AC on HA scores was strongest when combined with paternal neglectful parenting. The present study suggests that the AC type parenting by mothers is associated with specific personality traits, especially high HA, in healthy subjects.
在414名日本健康受试者中研究了冷漠控制（AC）型育儿方式对人格特质的影响。采用父母教养方式问卷评估感知到的父母养育情况，该问卷包括关爱和保护因素；采用气质与性格量表评估人格特质，该量表有七个维度。父母养育方式分为四种类型，即最佳养育（高关爱/低保护）、温情约束（高关爱/高保护）、忽视型养育（低关爱/低保护）和AC型（低关爱/高保护）。与母亲采用最佳养育方式的男性相比，母亲采用AC型养育方式的男性在伤害回避（HA）得分上显著更高，而在坚持性和合作性得分上更低。与母亲采用最佳养育方式的女性相比，母亲采用AC型养育方式的女性在HA得分上显著更高，而在自我导向得分上更低。父亲的AC型养育方式与任何人格得分均无显著关联。在女性中，父亲养育方式和母亲养育方式之间的交互作用显著；当与父亲忽视型养育方式相结合时，母亲AC型养育方式对HA得分的影响最强。本研究表明，母亲的AC型养育方式与健康受试者的特定人格特质相关，尤其是高HA得分。
