Unit of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Acta Paediatr. 2017 Mar;106(3):446-453. doi: 10.1111/apa.13664. Epub 2016 Dec 7.
It is unclear whether low-to-moderate alcohol consumption during pregnancy affects child development. This study examined the effects that a mother's self-reported alcohol consumption had on her pregnancy and her child's birth, behaviour and development.
We asked 291 Swedish women to report their alcohol consumption before and during pregnancy using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT); provide data on their pregnancy, labour and neonatal period; and complete a child behaviour and development questionnaire when their child was one year and six months of age. The mothers were separated into four subgroups based on their AUDIT scores.
There were no group differences in gestational length, but children were shorter at birth if their mother drank during pregnancy. Mothers with the highest alcohol consumption before pregnancy were generally younger and more likely to smoke, have unplanned pregnancies and have children who displayed behavioural problems than controls who reported abstinence before and during pregnancy. Mothers who drank more during pregnancy than before were more likely to have had abortions and unplanned pregnancies and less likely to breastfeed for more than six months.
Our results suggested that low-to-moderate alcohol consumption during pregnancy may negatively influence a child's development and behaviour in several ways.
目前尚不清楚孕妇低至中度饮酒是否会影响儿童发育。本研究旨在探讨母亲自我报告的饮酒量对其妊娠、分娩以及后代行为和发育的影响。
我们要求 291 名瑞典女性使用酒精使用障碍识别测试（AUDIT）报告其妊娠前和妊娠期间的饮酒量；提供妊娠、分娩和新生儿期的数据；并在孩子一岁零六个月大时完成儿童行为和发育问卷。根据 AUDIT 评分，母亲被分为四组。
妊娠时长无组间差异，但母亲孕期饮酒会导致孩子出生时更矮。与妊娠前和妊娠期间报告戒酒的对照组相比，妊娠前饮酒量最高的母亲通常更年轻，更有可能吸烟、意外怀孕以及孩子存在行为问题。与妊娠前相比，孕期饮酒量更多的母亲更有可能堕胎和意外怀孕，且母乳喂养时间超过六个月的可能性较小。
我们的研究结果表明，孕妇低至中度饮酒可能会通过多种方式对儿童的发育和行为产生负面影响。
