White J D, Cave N J, Grinberg A, Thomas D G, Heuer C
Massey University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
Institute of Veterinary, Animal & Biomedical Sciences, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
J Vet Intern Med. 2016 Nov;30(6):1824-1829. doi: 10.1111/jvim.14598.
Bacterial urinary tract infections are uncommon in cats in general but the prevalence increases to 29% in older cats with comorbidities (Veterinary Clinical Pathology 2008, 37, 317; Journal of Feline Medicine & Surgery 2007, 9, 124; Veterinary Microbiology 2009, 136, 130). Frequently, the infections are subclinical. The clinical relevance of subclinical bacteriuria (SB) is uncertain, and the optimal treatment requires clarification.
Prospective, observational study to: (i) identify the prevalence and incidence count of SB in older (≥7 years), nonazotemic cats, (ii) evaluate specific risk factors for SB, and (iii) investigate the potential relationship between untreated SB and survival.
Sixty-seven, nonazotemic cats were tested on 5 occasions over 3 years.
Urine samples were obtained by cystocentesis for quantitative urine culture and blood samples for measurement of serum creatinine concentration. Episodes of SB were not treated. Serum creatinine concentration, body weight, urine specific gravity, sex, and age were evaluated as potential risk factors for a positive urine culture. The association between urine culture results and survival was evaluated with Cox's proportional hazard model.
A total of 256 urine samples was obtained. The prevalence of SB varied between 10 and 13%, and incident infections were uncommon. Female cats were 21 times more likely to have a positive urine culture than were male cats (odds ratio [OR], 21.2; confidence interval [CI], 4.1-110; P = .00028). Subclinical bacteriuria was not significantly associated with survival.
Subclinical bacteriuria is common in nonazotemic, older cats. Although antimicrobial treatment was withheld, the presence of SB was not adversely associated with survival.
一般而言，细菌性尿路感染在猫中并不常见，但在患有合并症的老年猫中，患病率增至29%（《兽医临床病理学》，2008年，第37卷，第317页；《猫医学与外科学杂志》，2007年，第9卷，第124页；《兽医微生物学》，2009年，第136卷，第130页）。这些感染通常为亚临床感染。亚临床菌尿（SB）的临床相关性尚不确定，最佳治疗方法有待明确。
进行前瞻性观察研究，以：（i）确定老年（≥7岁）非氮血症猫中SB的患病率和发病率，（ii）评估SB的特定风险因素，以及（iii）研究未经治疗的SB与生存之间的潜在关系。
67只非氮血症猫在3年内接受了5次检测。
通过膀胱穿刺术获取尿液样本进行定量尿培养，并采集血液样本测量血清肌酐浓度。SB发作未进行治疗。评估血清肌酐浓度、体重、尿比重、性别和年龄作为尿培养阳性的潜在风险因素。使用Cox比例风险模型评估尿培养结果与生存之间的关联。
共获得256份尿液样本。SB的患病率在10%至13%之间变化，偶发感染并不常见。母猫尿培养阳性的可能性是公猫的21倍（优势比[OR]，21.2；置信区间[CI]，4.1 - 110；P = 0.00028）。亚临床菌尿与生存无显著关联。
亚临床菌尿在非氮血症老年猫中很常见。尽管未进行抗菌治疗，但SB的存在与生存无不利关联。
