Puchot Melanie L, Cook Audrey K, Pohlit Caitlin
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
J Feline Med Surg. 2017 Dec;19(12):1238-1244. doi: 10.1177/1098612X16688806. Epub 2017 Jan 23.
Objectives Subclinical bacteriuria (SB) is bacterial colonization of the urinary tract in the absence of clinical signs. The purposes of this study were to determine the prevalence of SB in cats and to describe results of the contemporaneous urinalysis. Secondarily, patient characteristics associated with SB were compared with those for cats without SB. Methods An electronic search identified all urine cultures performed on cats at a teaching hospital between 2009 and 2015. Results were subcategorized based on the presence or absence of lower urinary tract disease (LUTD) and SB-positive cases identified. The first control population was from samples without LUTD. The second control population was from all samples not identified as a SB-positive sample, including subclinical negative samples and those with LUTD. Five controls for each SB-positive sample were selected for both control groups. Medical records for all groups were reviewed. Results In all, 31/500 (6.2%) subclinical samples were positive. Most infections were a single organism (n = 27); four contained multiple organisms. Escherichia coli was the most common species (58%) followed by Enterococcus species (25%). Positive specimens were more likely to be from female cats (n = 24) vs male (n = 7; P = 0.0054). SB was strongly associated with bacteriuria (60% vs 6%; P <0.0001) and pyuria (67% vs 19%; P <0.0001). Positive specimens were significantly more likely to have an abnormal sediment examination (odds ratio 13.5, P <0.0001). When compared with all specimens including those with LUTD, SB was significantly associated with a lower urine specific gravity (1.022 vs 1.030; P = 0.0256) and presence of chronic kidney disease (68% vs 46%; P = 0.0168). Conclusions and relevance In this study, SB appears to be uncommon in cats and, in most cases, is associated with an abnormal urine sediment examination. Based on this study, there is little indication to perform a culture in a cat with no clinical signs of LUTD and an unremarkable sediment examination.
目的 亚临床菌尿（SB）是指在无临床症状情况下尿路的细菌定植。本研究的目的是确定猫中亚临床菌尿的患病率，并描述同期尿液分析的结果。其次，将与亚临床菌尿相关的患者特征与无亚临床菌尿的猫的特征进行比较。方法 通过电子检索确定了2009年至2015年在一家教学医院对猫进行的所有尿液培养。根据是否存在下尿路疾病（LUTD）和是否鉴定出亚临床菌尿阳性病例对结果进行分类。第一个对照组来自无LUTD的样本。第二个对照组来自所有未鉴定为亚临床菌尿阳性样本的样本，包括亚临床阴性样本和患有LUTD的样本。为两个对照组的每个亚临床菌尿阳性样本选择五个对照样本。对所有组的病历进行了审查。结果 总共31/500（6.2%）个亚临床样本呈阳性。大多数感染为单一微生物（n = 27）；四个样本含有多种微生物。大肠杆菌是最常见的菌种（58%），其次是肠球菌属（25%）。阳性标本更可能来自母猫（n = 24）而非公猫（n = 7；P = 0.0054）。亚临床菌尿与菌尿（60%对6%；P <0.0001）和脓尿（67%对19%；P <0.0001）密切相关。阳性标本进行异常沉渣检查的可能性显著更高（比值比13.5，P <0.0001）。与包括患有LUTD的样本在内的所有标本相比，亚临床菌尿与较低的尿比重（1.022对1.030；P = 0.0256）和慢性肾病的存在（68%对46%；P = 0.0168）显著相关。结论及相关性 在本研究中，亚临床菌尿在猫中似乎不常见，并且在大多数情况下，与异常的尿液沉渣检查相关。基于本研究，对于没有LUTD临床症状且沉渣检查无异常的猫，几乎没有迹象表明需要进行培养。
