Lee Won-Joon, Wilkinson Caroline M
National Forensic Service, 10 Ipchun-ro, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26460, Republic of Korea.
Face Lab, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool Science Park IC1, 131 Mount Pleasant, Liverpool L3 5TF, United Kingdom.
Forensic Sci Int. 2016 Dec;269:21-30. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.11.003. Epub 2016 Nov 9.
Previous research into the reliability of forensic craniofacial reconstruction (CFR) has focused primarily on the accuracy of reconstructed faces from European or African ancestry skulls. Moreover, the recognition of CFR in relation to the experience and ancestry of the practitioners and the assessors has not been previously considered. The cross-race effect is a recognised phenomenon in psychology studies, where familiar ancestry faces are recognised more readily than unfamiliar ancestry faces, but there is a paucity of research addressing the relationship between the accuracy of reconstructed faces and the familiarity with this ancestry by the practitioners/assessors. The aims of this research were to investigate whether 'unfamiliar-race effect' has any influence on the accuracy of CFR and to evaluate how much the correct recognition rate of CFR is affected by the cross-race effect. Eight CFRs from three ancestry groups were produced by experienced practitioners in order to explore the aims. The results demonstrated that practitioners produced more recognisable CFRs using skulls from a familiar ancestry than skulls from unfamiliar ancestries.
先前对法医颅面重建（CFR）可靠性的研究主要集中在根据欧洲或非洲裔头骨重建面部的准确性上。此外，此前尚未考虑到从业者和评估者的经验及血统与颅面重建认可度之间的关系。跨种族效应是心理学研究中公认的一种现象，即熟悉的血统面孔比不熟悉的血统面孔更容易被识别，但针对重建面孔的准确性与从业者/评估者对该血统的熟悉程度之间的关系，相关研究却很少。本研究的目的是调查“不熟悉种族效应”是否对颅面重建的准确性有任何影响，并评估跨种族效应在多大程度上影响颅面重建的正确识别率。为了探究这些目的，经验丰富的从业者根据三个血统群体制作了八个颅面重建模型。结果表明，与使用不熟悉血统的头骨相比，从业者使用熟悉血统的头骨制作出的颅面重建模型更易于识别。
