Manipulation of plasma membrane physical state affects desaturase activity in rat lymphocytes.

Thymocytes, obtained from young rats, were incubated in the presence of either diheptadecanoylphosphatidylcholine or dioleylphosphatidylcholine vesicles and desaturation of either [1-14C]stearic acid or [1-14C]linoleic acid was followed in the endoplasmic reticulum. Incubation with diheptadecanoylphosphatidylcholine resulted in an accumulation of heptadecanoic acid in the plasma membrane, but not in the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, and an increase in membrane ordering as assessed by diphenylhexatriene fluorescence polarization. A shift to higher temperature of the phase separation in the plasma membrane was also observed. Both delta 9 and delta 6 desaturase activities were enhanced in these cells, with delta 6 responding more intensly. Accumulation of oleic acid in the plasma membrane could not be observed when the cells were incubated in the presence of dioleylphosphatidylcholine vesicles, but all the membranes separated, including the microsomes, became more fluid. This can be attributed to removal of cholesterol by the vesicles. Fluidization of plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum depressed the conversion of stearate to oleate and linoleate to gamma-linolenate. It is concluded that there is an exchange of information between the plasma membrane and the endoplasmic reticulum in order to maintain the proper fluidity relationships and that this occurs without transfer of lipids from the former to the latter.