Wang Nan, Zhao Shi-zhen, Lv Meng-hua, Xiang Feng-ning, Li Shuo
Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation Key Lab of Ministry of Education, Life Sciences School of Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
Yi Chuan. 2016 Nov 20;38(11):992-1003. doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.16-086.
The yield of soybean is substantially reduced when the crop is grown in salinity-affected soil. This review summarizes the progress achieved in defining the genetic basis of salinity tolerance. Both forward (uncovering the genetic basis of a phenotype by exploiting natural or induced mutations) and reverse (defining the phenotype which arises as a result of an altered DNA sequence) genetics methods have been used to reveal the function of key salinity response genes. Quantitative trait locus analysis has identified six regions of the genome which harbor loci influencing salinity tolerance, and positional cloning has succeeded in isolating one important salt tolerant gene. Meanwhile the application of the genome-wide association study technique has led to the isolation of a second gene involved in salinity tolerance. Reverse genetics experiments have highlighted a number of salinity response genes, mainly including ion transporter genes and transcription factor genes. These studies lay the foundations for understanding the mechanistic basis of salinity tolerance in soybean, knowledge of which would be essential to enable the breeding of highly salinity tolerant soybean cultivars through the use of marker-assisted selection or transgenesis.
当大豆作物种植在受盐害影响的土壤中时，其产量会大幅降低。本综述总结了在确定耐盐性遗传基础方面所取得的进展。正向遗传学（通过利用自然或诱导突变揭示表型的遗传基础）和反向遗传学（确定由于DNA序列改变而产生的表型）方法均已被用于揭示关键盐响应基因的功能。数量性状位点分析已确定基因组中有六个区域含有影响耐盐性的位点，位置克隆已成功分离出一个重要的耐盐基因。同时，全基因组关联研究技术的应用已导致分离出第二个参与耐盐性的基因。反向遗传学实验已突出了许多盐响应基因，主要包括离子转运蛋白基因和转录因子基因。这些研究为理解大豆耐盐性的机制基础奠定了基础，而了解这些知识对于通过使用标记辅助选择或转基因技术培育高度耐盐的大豆品种至关重要。
