Zhang Zhiqing, Li Shaowei, Gu Ying, Xia Ningshao
State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2016 Nov 18;17(11):1901. doi: 10.3390/ijms17111901.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), a global epidemic for more than three decades. HIV-1 replication is primarily controlled through antiretroviral therapy (ART) but this treatment does not cure HIV-1 infection. Furthermore, there is increasing viral resistance to ART, and side effects associated with long-term therapy. Consequently, there is a need of alternative candidates for HIV-1 prevention and therapy. Recent advances have discovered multiple broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV-1. In this review, we describe the key epitopes on the HIV-1 Env protein and the reciprocal broadly neutralizing antibodies, and discuss the ongoing clinical trials of broadly neutralizing and inhibitory antibody therapy as well as antibody combinations, bispecific antibodies, and methods that improve therapeutic efficacy by combining broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) with latency reversing agents. Compared with ART, HIV-1 therapeutics that incorporate these broadly neutralizing and inhibitory antibodies offer the advantage of decreasing virus load and clearing infected cells, which is a promising prospect in HIV-1 prevention and treatment.
1型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-1）感染会导致获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS），这是一场持续了三十多年的全球流行病。HIV-1复制主要通过抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）来控制，但这种治疗方法并不能治愈HIV-1感染。此外，病毒对ART的耐药性不断增加，且存在与长期治疗相关的副作用。因此，需要寻找用于HIV-1预防和治疗的替代候选方案。最近的进展发现了多种针对HIV-1的广谱中和抗体。在本综述中，我们描述了HIV-1 Env蛋白上的关键表位以及相应的广谱中和抗体，并讨论了广谱中和抗体和抑制性抗体疗法以及抗体组合、双特异性抗体的正在进行的临床试验，以及通过将广谱中和抗体（bNAbs）与潜伏逆转剂联合使用来提高治疗效果的方法。与ART相比，包含这些广谱中和抗体和抑制性抗体的HIV-1治疗方法具有降低病毒载量和清除感染细胞的优势，这在HIV-1预防和治疗中是一个有前景的方向。
