Minarovits Janos, Niller Hans Helmut
Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Biology and Experimental Dental Research, University of Szeged, Tisza Lajos krt. 64, H-6720, Szeged, Hungary.
Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, D-93053, Regensburg, Germany.
Methods Mol Biol. 2017;1532:1-32. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6655-4_1.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is associated with several distinct hematological and epithelial malignancies, e.g., Burkitt lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, gastric carcinoma, and others. The association with several malignant tumors of local and worldwide distribution makes EBV one of the most important tumor viruses. Furthermore, because EBV can cause posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease, transplant medicine has to deal with EBV as a major pathogenic virus second only to cytomegalovirus. In this review, we summarize briefly the natural history of EBV infection and outline some of the recent advances in the pathogenesis of the major EBV-associated neoplasms. We present alternative scenarios and discuss them in the light of most recent experimental data. Emerging research areas including EBV-induced patho-epigenetic alterations in host cells and the putative role of exosome-mediated information transfer in disease development are also within the scope of this review. This book contains an in-depth description of a series of modern methodologies used in EBV research. In this introductory chapter, we thoroughly refer to the applications of these methods and demonstrate how they contributed to the understanding of EBV-host cell interactions. The data gathered using recent technological advancements in molecular biology and immunology as well as the application of sophisticated in vitro and in vivo experimental models certainly provided deep and novel insights into the pathogenetic mechanisms of EBV infection and EBV-associated tumorigenesis. Furthermore, the development of adoptive T cell immunotherapy has provided a novel approach to the therapy of viral disease in transplant medicine and hematology.
爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒（EBV）感染与多种不同的血液系统和上皮性恶性肿瘤相关，例如伯基特淋巴瘤、霍奇金淋巴瘤、鼻咽癌、胃癌等。EBV与分布于全球各地的多种恶性肿瘤相关，这使其成为最重要的肿瘤病毒之一。此外，由于EBV可引发移植后淋巴细胞增殖性疾病，移植医学不得不将EBV作为仅次于巨细胞病毒的主要致病病毒来应对。在本综述中，我们简要总结EBV感染的自然史，并概述主要EBV相关肿瘤发病机制的一些最新进展。我们提出不同的设想，并根据最新的实验数据进行讨论。新兴的研究领域，包括EBV诱导的宿主细胞病理表观遗传改变以及外泌体介导的信息传递在疾病发展中的假定作用，也在本综述的范围内。本书深入描述了一系列用于EBV研究的现代方法。在这一介绍性章节中，我们全面介绍了这些方法的应用，并展示了它们如何有助于理解EBV与宿主细胞的相互作用。利用分子生物学和免疫学的最新技术进展以及先进的体外和体内实验模型所收集的数据，无疑为EBV感染和EBV相关肿瘤发生的致病机制提供了深刻而新颖的见解。此外，过继性T细胞免疫疗法的发展为移植医学和血液学中的病毒疾病治疗提供了一种新方法。
