Braathen G, Ingildsen V, Twetman S, Ericson D, Jørgensen M R
1 Department of Cariology, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Carl Gustafs väg 34, 214 21 Malmö, Sweden.
2 Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Nørre Allé 20, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.
Benef Microbes. 2017 Feb 7;8(1):17-22. doi: 10.3920/BM2016.0081. Epub 2016 Nov 22.
The aim of this study was to compare the concentration of salivary immunoglobulin A (IgA) and the selected interleukins (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 in young individuals with presence and non-presence of Lactobacillus reuteri in saliva after a three-week intervention with probiotic lozenges. The study group consisted of 47 healthy individuals aged 18-32 years with no clinical signs of oral inflammation. In a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial participants ingested two lozenges per day containing two strains of the probiotic bacterium L. reuteri or placebo lozenges. The intervention and wash-out periods were three weeks. Stimulated and unstimulated whole saliva was collected at baseline and immediately after termination of the intervention periods. The samples were analysed for total protein, salivary IgA and selected cytokines. In this extended analysis, data were collected by analysing baseline and follow-up saliva samples related to ingestion of the probiotic lozenges for the presence of L. reuteri through DNA-extraction, PCR-amplification and gel-electrophoresis. At baseline, 27% of the individuals displayed presence of L. reuteri and 42% were positive immediately after the three-week probiotic intervention. Individuals with presence of L. reuteri in saliva had significantly higher (P<0.05) concentrations of salivary IgA and %IgA/protein at the termination of the probiotic intake compared with non-presence. No differences in the cytokine levels were observed. In conclusion, detectable levels of L. reuteri in saliva coincided with higher concentrations of salivary IgA and %IgA/protein in stimulated whole saliva after the three-week daily intake of probiotic lozenges. Our findings suggest that monitoring the presence of probiotic candidates in the oral environment is important to interpret and understand their possible immune-modulating role in maintaining oral health.
本研究的目的是比较在接受益生菌含片为期三周的干预后，唾液中存在和不存在罗伊氏乳杆菌的年轻个体的唾液免疫球蛋白A（IgA）以及选定的白细胞介素（IL）-1β、IL-6、IL-8和IL-10的浓度。研究组由47名年龄在18至32岁之间、无口腔炎症临床体征的健康个体组成。在一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照、交叉试验中，参与者每天服用两片含片，其中含两种罗伊氏乳杆菌益生菌菌株或安慰剂含片。干预期和洗脱期均为三周。在基线期以及干预期结束后立即收集刺激和未刺激的全唾液。对样本进行总蛋白、唾液IgA和选定细胞因子的分析。在这项扩展分析中，通过DNA提取、PCR扩增和凝胶电泳分析与摄入益生菌含片相关的基线和随访唾液样本中罗伊氏乳杆菌的存在情况来收集数据。在基线期，27%的个体唾液中存在罗伊氏乳杆菌，在为期三周的益生菌干预后，42%的个体呈阳性。与不存在罗伊氏乳杆菌的个体相比，唾液中存在罗伊氏乳杆菌的个体在益生菌摄入结束时唾液IgA浓度和IgA/蛋白百分比显著更高（P<0.05）。未观察到细胞因子水平的差异。总之，在每天摄入益生菌含片三周后，唾液中可检测到的罗伊氏乳杆菌水平与刺激全唾液中较高的唾液IgA浓度和IgA/蛋白百分比相一致。我们的研究结果表明，监测口腔环境中益生菌候选菌株的存在对于解释和理解它们在维持口腔健康中可能的免疫调节作用很重要。
