State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
Sci Rep. 2020 Dec 3;10(1):21181. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-78281-7.
There is currently a lack of effective drugs to cure recurrent aphthous stomatitis. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of probiotics alone or as an adjunct in recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) patients. Seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included, of which three were included in quantitative analysis. Of five studies evaluating the efficacy of probiotics alone compared with placebo or Oracure gel, two reported no significant difference in relieving oral pain, while probiotics exhibited a higher capacity for decreasing oral pain in the other three. A significant decrease in ulcer severity was found in one, while no significant difference was found in the other four. The remaining two studies demonstrated that probiotics, as an adjunct to steroids or anaesthetic antiseptic gel, significantly reduced the ulcer severity and oral pain. The meta-analysis showed a significant decrease in oral pain (- 1.72, P = 0.0001) with probiotics compared with placebo. In conclusion, probiotics alone were capable of relieving oral pain but not effective in reducing ulcer severity. A combination of probiotics and steroids or anaesthetic antiseptic gel was more effective than steroids or anaesthetic antiseptic gel alone in RAS patients. Probiotics are promising for the treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis.
目前尚无有效的药物治愈复发性阿弗他口腔溃疡。本研究旨在评估益生菌单独或作为辅助治疗复发性阿弗他口腔溃疡（RAS）患者的疗效。共纳入了 7 项随机对照试验（RCT），其中 3 项纳入了定量分析。在 5 项评估益生菌单独治疗与安慰剂或 Oracure 凝胶疗效的研究中，有 2 项研究报告在缓解口腔疼痛方面无显著差异，而另外 3 项研究表明益生菌在缓解口腔疼痛方面具有更高的能力。有 1 项研究发现溃疡严重程度显著降低，而另外 4 项研究则无显著差异。其余 2 项研究表明，益生菌作为类固醇或麻醉防腐剂凝胶的辅助治疗，可显著降低溃疡严重程度和口腔疼痛。荟萃分析显示，与安慰剂相比，益生菌可显著降低口腔疼痛（-1.72，P=0.0001）。总之，益生菌单独使用可缓解口腔疼痛，但对减轻溃疡严重程度无效。益生菌与类固醇或麻醉防腐剂凝胶联合使用比单独使用类固醇或麻醉防腐剂凝胶更有效。益生菌在复发性阿弗他口腔溃疡的治疗中具有广阔的应用前景。
