Shaapan Raafat Mohamed
Veterinary Research Division, Department of Zoonosis, National Research Center, El-Tahrir Street, Dokki, Post Box: 12622, Giza, Egypt.
J Parasit Dis. 2016 Dec;40(4):1116-1129. doi: 10.1007/s12639-015-0661-5. Epub 2015 Mar 14.
Toxoplasmosis, neosporosis, sarcosporidiosis (sarcocystosis) and trypanosomiasis are the common zoonotic protozoal diseases causing abortion which caused by single-celled protozoan parasites; , spp and respectively. Toxoplasmosis is generally considered the most important disease that causing abortion of both pregnant women and different female animals throughout the world, about third of human being population had antibodies against . The infection can pass via placenta, causing encephalitis, chorio-retinitis, mental retardation and loss of vision in congenitally-infected children and stillbirth or mummification of the aborted fetuses of livestock. Neosporosis is recognized as a major cause of serious abortion in varieties of wild and domestic animals around the world particularly cattle, the disease cause serious economic losses among dairy and beef cattle due to decrease in milk and meat production. While unlike toxoplasmosis, neosporosis is not recognized as a human pathogen and evidence to date shows that neosporosis is only detected by serology in the human population. Sarcosporidiosis also can cause abortion in animals particularly cattle, buffaloes and sheep with acute infection through high dose of infection with sarcocysts. On the other hand, humans have been reported as final and intermediate host for sarcosporidiosis but not represent a serious health problem. Trypanosomiasis by cause dangerous infection among domestic animals in tropical and subtropical areas. Several cases of abortion had been recorded in cattle and buffaloes infected with while, a single case of human infection was reported in India. Trichomoniasis and babesiosis abortion occurs with non-zoonotic and species while the zoonotic species had not been incriminated in induction of abortion in both animals and man. The current review article concluded that there is still need of wide scope for evaluation of the zoonotic impact and control of these diseases.
弓形虫病、新孢子虫病、肉孢子虫病（肉孢子虫病）和锥虫病是常见的由单细胞原生动物寄生虫引起的人畜共患原生动物疾病，分别由 、 属和 引起。弓形虫病通常被认为是全世界导致孕妇和不同雌性动物流产的最重要疾病，约三分之一的人类人口有针对 的抗体。该感染可通过胎盘传播，导致先天性感染儿童出现脑炎、脉络膜视网膜炎、智力迟钝和视力丧失，以及家畜流产胎儿的死产或干尸化。新孢子虫病被认为是世界各地各种野生动物和家畜，特别是牛严重流产的主要原因，由于牛奶和肉类产量下降，该病给奶牛和肉牛造成严重经济损失。虽然与弓形虫病不同，新孢子虫病不被认为是人类病原体，迄今为止的证据表明，新孢子虫病仅在人群中通过血清学检测到。肉孢子虫病也可导致动物，特别是牛、水牛和绵羊因高剂量感染肉孢子虫而急性感染时流产。另一方面，据报道人类是肉孢子虫病的终末宿主和中间宿主，但并不构成严重的健康问题。锥虫病由 在热带和亚热带地区的家畜中引起危险感染。在感染 的牛和水牛中记录到几例流产病例，而在印度报告了一例人类感染病例。滴虫病和巴贝斯虫病流产是由非人畜共患的 和 物种引起的，而人畜共患物种尚未被认为会导致动物和人类流产。当前的综述文章得出结论，在评估这些疾病的人畜共患影响和控制方面，仍有很大的评估空间。
